12th Standard CBSE Biology Subjects Question Paper Software Subscription

QB365 covers complete information about 12th Standard CBSE Biology Subject for 2022-2023 Exam. Question Bank includes 12th Standard CBSE Biology Subjects Book back questions, other important questions, Creative questions, Extra questions, PTA quesions, Previous Year questions and other key points also. All question with detailed answers are readily available for preparting Biology question papers.

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12th Standard CBSE Biology Chapters / Lessons

Reproduction in Organisms

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Human Reproduction

Reproductive Health

Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Evolution

Human Health and Disease

Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

Microbes in Human Welfare

Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

Biotechnology and its Applications

Organisms and Populations

Ecosystem

Biodiversity and Conservation

Environmental Issues

12th Standard CBSE Biology Chapters / Lessons Syllabus

Reproduction

Chapter-1: Reproduction in Organisms
Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; modes of reproduction - asexual and sexual reproduction; asexual reproduction - binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule formation, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.
Chapter-2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Flower structure; development of male and female gametophytes; pollination - types, agencies and examples; outbreeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction; double fertilization; post fertilization events - development of endosperm and embryo, development of seed and formation of fruit; special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed dispersal and fruit formation.
Chapter-3: Human Reproduction
Male and female reproductive systems; microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; gametogenesis - spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle; fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; pregnancy and placenta formation (elementary idea); parturition (elementary idea); lactation (elementary idea).
Chapter-4: Reproductive Health
Need for reproductive health and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs); birth control - need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis; infertility and assisted reproductive technologies - IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (elementary idea for general awareness).

Genetics and Evolution

Chapter-5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; deviations from Mendelism - incomplete dominance, co-dominance, multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy; elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; chromosome theory of inheritance; chromosomes and genes; Sex determination - in humans, birds and honey bee; linkage and crossing over; sex linkedinheritance - haemophilia, colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans - thalassemia; chromosomal disorders in humans; Down's syndrome, Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes.
Chapter-6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; gene expression and regulation - lac operon; genome and human and rice genome projects; DNA fingerprinting.
Chapter-7: Evolution
Origin of life; biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution (paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidences); Darwin's contribution, modern synthetic theory of evolution; mechanism of evolution - variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy - Weinberg's principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution.

Biology and Human Welfare

Chapter-8: Human Health and Disease
Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (malaria, dengue, chickengunia, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm) and their control; Basic concepts of immunology - vaccines; cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence - drug and alcohol abuse.
Chapter-9: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
Improvement in food production: Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Biofortification, Apiculture and Animal husbandry
Chapter-10: Microbes in Human Welfare
In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and microbes as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers. Antibiotics; production and judicious use.

Biotechnology and Its Applications

Chapter-11: Biotechnology - Principles and processes
Genetic Engineering (Recombinant DNA Technology).
Chapter-12: Biotechnology and its Application
Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, stem cell technology, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms - Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety issues, bio piracy and patents.

Ecology and Environment

Chapter-13: Organisms and Populations
Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche, population and ecological adaptations; population interactions - mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; population attributes - growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.
Chapter-14: Ecosystem
Ecosystems: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow; pyramids of number, biomass, energy; nutrient cycles (carbon and phosphorous); ecological succession; ecological services - carbon fixation, pollination, seed dispersal, oxygen release (in brief).
Chapter-15: Biodiversity and its Conservation
Concept of biodiversity; patterns of biodiversity; importance of biodiversity; loss of biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, national parks, sanctuaries and Ramsar sites.
Chapter-16: Environmental Issues
Air pollution and its control; water pollution and its control; agrochemicals and their effects; solid waste management; radioactive waste management; greenhouse effect and climate change; ozone layer depletion; deforestation; any one case study as success story addressing environmental issue(s).

Ecosystem

Ecosystem–Structure and Function-Productivity-Decomposition-Energy Flow-Ecological Pyramids-Ecological Succession-Nutrient Cycling-Ecosystem Services

Biodiversity and Conservation

Biodiversity-Biodiversity Conservation

Environmental Issues

Air Pollution and Its Control-Water Pollution and Its Control-Solid Wastes-Agro-chemicals and their Effects-Radioactive Wastes-Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming-Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere-Degradation by Improper Resource Utilisation and Maintenance-Deforestation

Human Health and Disease

Common Diseases in Humans-Immunity-AIDS-Cancer-Drugs and Alcohol Abuse

Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

Animal Husbandry-Plant Breeding-Single Cell Proteins-Tissue Culture

Microbes in Human Welfare

Microbes in Household Products-Microbes in Industrial Products-Microbes in Sewage Treatment-Microbes in Production of Biogas-Microbes as Biocontrol Agents-Microbes as Biofertilisers

Biotechnology : Principles and Processes

Principles of Biotechnology-Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology-Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology

Biotechnology and its Applications

Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture-Biotechnological Applications in Medicine-Transgenic Animals-Ethical Issues

Organisms and Populations

Organism and its Environment-Populations

Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance-Inheritance of One Gene-Inheritance of Two Genes-Sex Determination-Mutation-Genetic Disorders

Molecular Basis of Inheritance

The DNA-The Search for Genetic Material-RNA World-Replication-Transcription-Genetic Code-Translation-Regulation of Gene Expression-Human Genome Project DNA Fingerprinting

Evolution

Origin of Life-Evolution of Life Forms – A Theory-What are the Evidence for Evolution?-What is Adaptive Radiation?-Biological Evolution-Mechanism of Evolution-Hardy – Weinberg Principle-A Brief Account of Evolution-Origin and Evolution of Man

Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health-Problems and Strategies-Population Explosion and Birth Control-Medical Termination of Pregnancy-Sexually Transmitted Diseases-Infertility

Human Reproduction

The Male Reproductive System-The Female Reproductive System-Gametogenesis-Menstrual Cycle-Fertilisation and Implantation-Pregnancy and Embryonic Development-Parturition and Lactation

Reproduction in Organisms

Asexual Reproduction-Sexual Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Flower – A Fascinating Organ of Angiosperms-Pre-fertilisation : Structures and Events-Double Fertilisation-Post-fertilisation: Structures and Events-Apomixis and Polyembryony