Indicate the flow of energy in an ecosystem. Why is it unidirectional? Justify.

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What are decomposers? What will be the consequence of their absence in an ecosystem?

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Suggest any four activities in daily life which are eco-friendly.

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Give two differences between food chain and food web.

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Name the wastes which are generated in your house daily. What measures would you take for their disposal?

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What are the by-products of fertiliser industries? How do they affect the environment?

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(a) What is 'environmental pollution'?
(b) Distinguish between biodegradable and non-biodegradable pollutants.
(c) Choose the biodegradable pollutants from the list given below:
Sewage, DDT, radioactive waste, agricultural waste.

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What are the functions of producers?

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What are the different types of consumers? Explain with examples.

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What are the characteristics of food web?

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