Which is the correct word for relationship between algae and fungi in lichens?

1

(a)

Parasitism

(b)

Symbiosis

(c)

Commensals

(d)

Pathogens

Which of the following organisms is a good indicator of pollution in an environment?

1

(a)

Bacteria

(b)

Fungi

(c)

Algae

(d)

Lichens

Which is the most acceptable system of biological classification?

1

(a)

Two Kingdom Classification

(b)

Three Kingdom Classification

(c)

Five Kingdom Classification

(d)

Six Kingdom Classification

How the Aristotle divided animals into two groups?

1

(a)

Aristotle divided animals in two groups. These are Enaima (with red blood ) and Enaima (without red blood)

Who proposed the two kingdom classification?

1

(a)

Linnaeus proposed the two kingdom classification in  1758

Who coined the term Protista?

1

(a)

Ernst Haeckel (1866)

Give the names of the kingdom in three kingdom classification.

1

(a)

Plantae, Protista, and Animalia

Name the organisms living in salty areas.

1

(a)

Halophiles live in habitats having high salinity and high light intensity. Examples are Halobacterium and  Halococcus.

How do halophiles prevent cellular dehydration ?

1

(a)

Halophiles contains a chemical called  halorhodopsin that pumps chlorides into the cells and prevents cellular dehydration.

What is the  principle underlying the use of cyanobacteria in agricultural fields for crop improvement ?

1

(a)

Some  cyanobacteria  live in mutually beneficial relationship with plants, obtaining food and shelter and fixing  nitrogen for the plant. They also reduce soil alkalinity and improve soil texture.

What is the nature of cell wall in diatoms ?

1

(a)

Cell wall in diatoms is made up of cellulose and pectin compounds. It is two-valved layer called frustule.

Flagellar locomotion can be observed in which protistans ?

1

(a)

Euglene, dinoflagellates and zooflagellates.

Naked cytoplasm, multinucleated and saprophytic are the characteristics of ______.

1

(a)

Slime moulds are saprophytic protists that possess all these characteristics.

What kind of nutrition occurs in a parasite ?

1

(a)

Parasites have phagotrophic and absorptive type of nutrition.

Fusion of two gametes which are dissimilar in size is termed as ________.

1

(a)

Anisogamy, it occurs in Ceratium, a dinoflagellate.

Gamete formation and fusion are absent in bacteria. How do then bacteria undergo sexual reproduction ?

1

(a)

It occurs by conjugation. It involves transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through cell to cell contact.

Why there is large population of protists ?

1

(a)

Due to the presence of rapid asexual reproduction.

Why are cysts formed in protistans ?

1

(a)

Cysts formation helps to overcome unfavourable condition for reproduction.

Polluted water bodies have usually very high abundance of plants like Nostoc and Oscillatoria. Give reasons.

1

(a)

Polluted water bodies (Ponds, ditches and rivers etc.) have usually nutrient contents (such as nitrate, phosphates) domestic sewage primarily contains biodegradable organic matter. Presence of large amount of nutrients in waters also causes excessive growth of Planktonic (free floating algae) called an algal bloom, which imparts a distinct colour to water bodies. Algal bloom causes deterioration of the water quality and fish mortality. Some bloom forming algae mainly Nostoc and Oscillitoria are extremely toxic to human beings and animals.