Which of the following walked like gorillas and chimpanzees?

1

(a)

Dryopithecus

(b)

Ramapithecus

(c)

Both (a) and (b)

(d)

Australopithecus

The turtle and tortoise evolved from

1

(a)

Amphibians

(b)

Fishes

(c)

Mammals

(d)

None of these

Which of the following evolved first

1

(a)

Homo Sapiens

(b)

Homo habilis

(c)

Homo erectus

(d)

Tyrannosaurus

Which of the following walked upright?

1

(a)

Dryopithecus

(b)

Ramapithecus

(c)

Both (a) and (b)

(d)

Australopithecus

Presence of gills in the tadpole of frog indicates that

1

(a)

fishes evolved from frog-like ancestors

(b)

frogs will have gills in future

(c)

frogs evolved from gilled ancestors

(d)

fishes were amphibious in the past

Which of the following is a living fossil?

1

(a)

Moss

(b)

Saccharomyces

(c)

Spirogyra

(d)

Cyas

Diversification in plant life appeared

1

(a)

due to abrunt mutation

(b)

suddenly on earth

(c)

by seed dispersal

(d)

due to long periods of evolutionary changes

Age of fossils in the past was generally determined by radiocarbon method and other methods involving radioactive elements found in the rocks.More precise methods, which were used recently and led to the revision of the evolutionary periods for different groups of organisms,includes

1

(a)

study of the conditions of fossilization

(b)

electron spin resonance(ESR) and fossil DNA

(c)

study of carbohydrates/proteins in rocks

(d)

study of carbohydrates/proteins in fossils

A baby has been born with a small tail.It is a case exhibiting

1

(a)

retrogressive evolution

(b)

mutation

(c)

atavism

(d)

mamorphosis

Darwin's finches are a good example of

1

(a)

convergent evolution

(b)

industrial melanism

(c)

connecting link

(d)

adaptive radiation

Identify the examples of homologous structures from the following:
(a) Vertebrate hearts.
(b) Thorns in Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita.
(c) Food storage organs in sweet potato and potato.

1

(a)

(a), and (b).

'Sweet potato tubers and potato tubers are the result of convergent evolution'. Justify the statement.

1

(a)

Sweet potato tubers and potato tubers are analogous structures, evolved for the same function; analogous structures result from convergent evolution.

What did Louis Pasteur's experiment on 'Killed yeast' demonstrate? Name the theory that got disproved on the basis of his experiment.

1

(a)

- It demonstrated that life comes only from pre-existing life.

- Theory of spontaneous generation was disproved.

What is the basis of origin of variations in organisms as described by Hugo de Vries?

1

(a)

Mutation

Write the similarity between the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat. What do you infer the above with reference to evolution?

1

(a)

(i) They are analogous organs, which perform similar functions.
(ii) Analogous organs are the result of convergent evolution.         

State the significance of biochemical similarities among diverse organisms in evolution.

1

(a)

The biochemical similarities point to the same shared ancestry among diverse organisms. 

Comment on the similarity between the wing of a cockroach and the wing of a bird. What do you infer from the above with reference to evolution?

1

(a)

(i) They are analogous organs, which perform similar functions.
(ii) Analogous organs are the result of convergent evolution.

State the significance of Coelacanth in evolution

1

(a)

Coelacanth has evolved into the first amphibians; they are fish with stout and strong fins that could move on land and go back to water.
They were thought to be extinct.

Comment on the similarity between the flippers of dolphins and penguins, with reference to evolution.

1

(a)

They are analogous organs, which perform similar functions.
Analogous organs are the result of convergent evolution.