'Planning is done for achieving the organisational goals'.

Do you agree? Give one reason in support of your answer.

1

(a)

Yes, planning involves setting of objectives and determining the most economical and viable alternative to achieve the goals.

'Planning eliminates uncertainties'. Do you agree? Give reason in support of your answer.

1

(a)

No, I do not agree with the statement because planning anticipates uncertainties, not eliminates them.However, it helps to reduce the risk of uncertainties. 

How does planning facilitate control?

1

(a)

It is said that planning is pre-requisite for controlling because planning provides the standards with which actual performance is compared, evaluated and hence controlled by the managers.

Planning enables a manager to look ahead and anticipate changes. Identify, which benefit of planning is highlighted here?

1

(a)

Planning reduces the risk of uncertainty.

State two benefits of planning.

1

(a)

Two benefits of planning are:

(i) It encourages innovation and creativity.

(ii) It bridges the gap between where we are and where we want to go. 

State a measure to overcome limitations of planning.

1

(a)

The system of control should be directly associated with planning so that every plan is implemented properly.

What is meant by 'selecting an alternative' as a step in planning process?

1

(a)

Selecting an alternative means choosing the best course of an action.The ideal plan should be the most feasible, profitable and with least negative consequences.

Planning is based on certain assumptions about the future.What are these assumptions called?

1

(a)

Planning premises.

Give the meaning of 'policy' as a type of plan.

1

(a)

Policy is a general statement that defines the boundaries, within which decisions are made and they direct decisions are made and they direct decisions towards the accomplishment of objectives.It comes under the standing plan, as it answers to recurring problems of a similar nature.

Give the meaning of 'method' as a type of plan.

1

(a)

Method provides the prescribed ways in which work is to be performed considering the objective.

Explain how planning is futuristics.

4

(a)

What are derivative plans and why they are formulated?

4

(a)

Is planning necessary for effective management? Give reasons in support of your answer

6

(a)

Difference between 'method' and 'budget' as types of plans.

6

(a)