What is rainwater harvesting? Give some advantages of rainwater harvesting.

5

(a)

Define the following:
(i) Common property resource
(ii) Biosphere
(iii) Ecosystem

5

(a)

Differentiate between the CITES and vegetation.

5

(a)

Read the given articles carefully.

(i) Read the news item and find out how fire started in California? Could it be avoided?
(ii) Write some measures to avoid this kind of hazard.

5

(a)

Activity Discuss some more reasons which are responsible for changes of land use pattern. Has your place undergone any change in the land use pattern in recent years?
Find out from your parents and elderly people. You can conduct an interview by asking the following questions.

Place	When your grand parents were in their 30s	When your parents were in their 30s	Why do you think this is happening?	Are common areas and open spaces disappearing
Rural	-	-	-	-
Number of cattle and poultry owned	-	-	-	-
Number of trees and ponds in the village	-	-	-	-
Main occupation of the head of the family	-	-	-	-
Urban
Number of cars owned	-	-	-	-
Number of rooms in the house	-	-	-	-
Number of metalled roads	-	-	-	-
Number of flyovers in the city	-	-	-	-
Number of parks and playgrounds	-	-	-	-

Based on the table you have just completed, draw a picture of land use patterns that you foresee in your neighbourhood after 20 years. Why do you think that land use patterns change over the years?

5

(a)

In India soils could be alluvial, black, red, laterite desertic and mountain soil. Collect a handful of different types of soil and observe. How these soils are different?

5

(a)

Explain briefly the various factors responsible for soil formation.

5

(a)

What are the main factors that influence the formation of the soil ?

5

(a)

What are the main factors responsible for soil degradation ?

5

(a)

How can we stop soil degradation?

5

(a)