Explain why nomadic tribes need to move from one place to another. What are the advantages to the environment of this continuous movement?

4

(a)

Give reasons to explain why the Maasai community lost their grazing lands.

4

(a)

Give names of some of the nomads domesticated by pastoralists of India.

4

(a)

What is the pattern of migration of the Gujjar herders?

4

(a)

Explain the annual movement of Gujjar Bakarwals.

4

(a)

Explain the annual cycle of the seasonal movement of the Gaddis.

4

(a)

Name any four nomadic tribes of North India along with the region they belong.

4

(a)

Explains the annual cycle of seasonal movement of the Dhangars.

4

(a)

Why did the pastoralists hate the Grazing Act?

4

(a)

How have the Raikas of Rajasthan coped with the change posed by the partition of the country?

4

(a)

Why did the British want to transform these lands into cultivated farms?

4

(a)

Distinguish between 'Reserved' and 'Protected' Forests.

4

(a)

Name the Act which was passed by the British government to limit the movement of the nomadic people. Mention any two features of the Act.

4

(a)

Where are pastoral communities found?

4

(a)

Where is Serengeti National Park located?

4

(a)