An organic compound contains 69% carbon and 4.8% hydrogen, the remainder being oxygen. Calculate the masses of carbon dioxide and water produced when 0.20 g of this substance is subjected to complete combustion.

Explain why \({ \left( { CH }_{ 3 } \right) }_{ 3 }\overset { + }{ C } \) is more stable than \({ CH }_{ 3 }\overset { + }{ C } { H }_{ 2 }\) and \(\overset { + }{ C } { H }_{ 3 }\)is the least stable cation.

Give condensed and bond line structural formulas and identify the functional group(s) present, if any, for :
(a) 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
(b) 2-Hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid
(c) Hexanedial

Explain the terms inductive and electromeric effects. Which electron displacement effect explain the following correct orders of acidity of the carboxylic acids?
(a) Cl₃CCOOH > Cl₂CHCOOH > ClCH₂COOH
(b) CH₃CH₂COOH > (CH₃)₂CHCOOH > (CH₃)₃C.COOH

Discuss the principle of estimation of halogens, sulphur and phosphorus present in an organic compound.

0.50 g of an organic compound was Kjeldahlished. The ammonia evolved was passed in 50cm³ of 1N H₂SO₄ . The residual acid required 60 cm³ of N/2 NaOH solution. Calculate the percentage of nitrogen in the compound.

Explain hyperconjugation effect. How does hyperconjugation effect explain the stability of alkenes?

(a) Wfult is the basic principle involved in the estimation of nitrogen by Dumas method.
(b) In a Dumas nitrogen estimation method, 0.30 g of an organic compound gave 50 cm³ of N₂ collected at 300 K and 715 mm Hg pressure. Calculate the percentage composition of nitrogen in the compound. (Vapour pressure of water at 300 K is 15 mm Hg)

(a) What is Lassaigne's extract? Will NaCN give a positive Lassaigne's test for nitrogen?
(b) Which colour will appear in the Lassaigne's test if the compound contains both nitrogen and sulphur.
(c) Why is Lassaigne's extract prepared in distilled water? Can we detect oxygen in a compound by Lassaigne's test?