Why do you think the Mughals tried to conquer the land of the Ahoms?

3

(a)

What kinds of exchanges took place between nomadic pastoralists and settled agriculturists?

3

(a)

What changes took place in Varna based society?

3

(a)

Why were the Banjaras important for the economy?

3

(a)

Find out about the present day government policies towards tribal populations and organise a discussion about these.

3

(a)

Who were the tribes?

3

(a)

How can you say that Garha Katanga is a rich state?

3

(a)

What were the effects of emergence of large states of Gond society?

3

(a)

Write in brief about Rani Durgawati.

3

(a)

Read the following information and answer the question
The Banjaras
Peter Mundy, an English trader who came to India during the early 17th century, has described the Banjaras:
In the morning we met a tanda of Banjaras with 14,000 oxen. They were all laden with grains such as wheat and rice ... These Banjaras carry their household- wives and children - along with them. One tanda consists of many families. Their way of life is similar to that of carriers who continuously travel from place to place. They own their oxen. They are sometimes hired by merchants, but most commonly they are themselves merchants. They buy grain where it is cheaply available and carry it to places where it is dearer. From there, they again reload their oxen with anything that can be profitably sold in other places ... In a tanda there may be as many as 6 or 7 hundred persons ... They do not travel more than 6 or 7 miles a day- that, too, in the cool weather. After unloading their oxen, they turn them free to graze as there is enough land here and no one there to forbid them.
Find out how grain is transported from vii/ages to cities at present. In what ways is this similar to or different from the ways in which the Banjaras functioned?

3

(a)

Write in brief about the fall of Garha Katanga.

3

(a)

Mention in brief the administrative system of the Gonds.

3

(a)

Mention the changes which took place along with the rise of the Rajputs.

3

(a)

Describe the life of nomads in brief.

3

(a)

Why is less information available about tribes?

3

(a)