Arrange the correct sequence of ecological hierarchy starting from lower to higher level.

(a)

Individual organism → Population Landscape → Ecosystem

(b)

Landscape → Ecosystem → Biome → Biosphere

(c)

community → Ecosystem → Landscape → Biome

(d)

Population → organism → Biome → Landscape

Which of the given plant produces cardiac glycosides?

(a)

Calotropis

(b)

Acacia

(c)

Nepenthes

(d)

Utricularia

In soil water available for plants is ____.

(a)

gravitational water

(b)

chemically bound water

(c)

capillary water

(d)

hygroscopic water

The plant of this group are adapted to live partly in water and partly above substratum and free from water ______.

(a)

Xerophytes

(b)

Mesophytes

(c)

Hydrophytes

(d)

Halophytes

A free living nitrogen fixing cyanobacterium which can also form symbiotic association with the water fern Azolla ______.

(a)

Nostoc

(b)

Anabaena

(c)

chlorella

(d)

Rhizobium

Pedogenesis refers to _____.

(a)

Fossils

(b)

Water

(c)

Population

(d)

Soil

The ideal soil for Cultivation is:

(a)

Loamy soil

(b)

Clayey soil

(c)

Sandy soil

(d)

Silt soil

Identify the indicators of fire.

(a)

Pucinia

(b)

Pyricularia

(c)

Pyronema

(d)

Peziza

The surface features of earth are called _________.

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Topography

Amensalism is called as__________.

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Antibiosis

______________ is the transition zone between two ecosystems.

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Ecotone

Wasps is the fruits of fig is an example for _________ type of species interaction

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Mutualism

Plants in sandy soils are commonly called as ____________.

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Psammophytes

Structural defense against five

(1)

-.0

Mutualism

(2)

Rhytidome

Predation

(3)

-,-

Competition

(4)

+,-

Amensalism

(5)

+,+

Define ecology.

What is ecological hierarchy? Name the levels of ecological hierarchy. 

Distinguish habitat and niche

What is Phytoremediation ?

How Earnest Haeckel defined ecology?

What are edaphic factors?

What is mutualism? Mention any two example where the organisms involved are commercially exploited in modern agriculture.

Mention any two significant roles of predation plays in nature.

Water is very essential for life. Write any three features for plants which enable them to survive in water scarce environment.

What is vivipary? Name a plant group which exhibits vivipary.

What is seed ball?

List out the effects of fire to plants.

Explain different types of hydrophytes with examples.

What are the advantages of seed dispersal?