What are electrophiles and nucleophiles ? Give suitable examples for each.

Show the heterolysis of covalent bond by using curved arrow notation and complete the following equations.
Identify the nucleophile is each case.
CH₃ - Br + KOH →

Explain inductive effect with suitable example.

Explain electromeric effect.

Which of the two is expected to be more stable and why ? \({ O }_{ 2 }NC{ H }_{ 2 }C{ H }_{ 2 }\overset { - }{ O } \) (or) \(C{ H }_{ 3 }C{ H }_{ 2 }\overset { - }{ O } \)

Which of the two structures A and B given below is more stabilised by resonance ? Explain.
CH₃COOH (A) and \(C{ H }_{ 3 }CO\overset { - }{ O } \) (B)

How will you determine the rate of chemical I reaction ?

Discuss the effect of hyper conjugation in propene,

How does the addition reaction affect the hybridisation of the substrale ? Give example.

Write a short note on oxidation and reduction reactions.

\(C{ H }_{ 2 }=\overset { - }{ C } H\) is more basic than \(HC\equiv { C }^{ - }\) . Explain why ?

Why does SO₃ act as an electrophile ?

Which of the following ions is more stable ? Use resonance to explain your answer.

How does inductive effect plays a vital role in determining the strength of acids and bases.

List out the salient features of inductive effect.