This idea states that life on Earth is a divine creation and also attributes to supernatural event at a particular time in the past. It also emphasize that life has not changed ever since its origin.

Scratch is a software used to create animations, cartoons and games easily. Scratch, on the other hand, is a visual programming language. It is developed in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Media Lab to make programming easier and more fun to learn.

(i) The cancerous cells migrate to distant parts of the body and affect new tissues.
(ii) This process is called metastasis.

The Ieech makes a triradiate or 'Y' shaped incision in the skin of the host by the jaws protruded through the mouth and sucks the blood by muscular pharynx.

Dolphins, dogs, bats can hear the ultrasonic vibrations.

Isotopes of oxygen and its percentage abundance

(i) Catching a cricket ball the fielder lowers his hands backwards. Because, he stops his hands soon after catching the ball, the ball comes to rest very quickly.
(ii) It means that the momentum of the ball is brought to rest very quickly.
(iii) So the average force acting on the body will be large.
(iv) Due to this large average force, the hands will get hurt.
(v) To avoid getting hurt, the player brings the ball to rest slowly.

a) Gibberellin
b) The active substance was identified as Gibberellic acid, which caused this disease.
c) i) Application of gibberellins on plants stimulate extraordinary elongation of internode. e.g. Corn and Pea.
ii) Treatment of rosette plants with gibberellin induces sudden shoot elongation followed by flowering. This is called bolting.

Polyploldys are characterised by gigantism
An organism having more than two sets of chromosomes is called polyploid. It causes increase in size. Polys = Many + aploos = One fold + eidos = Form (E.g) Watermelon

(i) Cool drinks give more fizz at the foot of mountain because the atmospheric pressure is less at the top of the mountain.
(ii) So the pressure affects the fizz of the cool drink.

(i) No, because Nickel is more reactive than Copper.
(ii) So Nickel easily reacts and displaces copper from copper sulphate solution.
(iii) \(\mathrm{Ni}_{(\mathrm{s})}+\mathrm{CuSO_4}_{(\mathrm{aq})} \rightarrow \mathrm{NiSO_4}_{(\mathrm{aq})}+\mathrm{Cu}_{(\mathrm{S})}\)

i) Metal A belongs to periods 3 and group 13 is Aluminium.
ii) When steam is passed over red hot aluminium, Aluminium oxide and Hydrogen is produced.
iii) when Aluminium react with strong caustic alkalis forming aluminates

Given: K₁ = K₂ = K, m₁ = 4m₂
The kinetic energy of the truck \(=\frac{1}{2} m_{1} v_{1}^{2} \Rightarrow v_1= \sqrt\frac{2 k}{m_{1}}\)
The kinetic energy of the bike \(=\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{~m}_{2} \mathrm{v}_{2}^{2}\Rightarrow v_2= \sqrt\frac{2 k}{m_{2}}\)
∴ Momentum p = mv
∴ Momentum of the two bodies are given by,
\(P_1=\sqrt{2m_1K,}\)
\(P_2=\sqrt{2m_2K,}\)
\(\therefore \frac{P_1}{P_2} =\sqrt{\frac{2 m_1K}{2m_{2}K}}=\sqrt{\frac{m_1}{m_{2}}}=\sqrt{\frac{4m_2}{m_{2}}}=\frac{\sqrt { 4}}{\sqrt 1}= \frac{2}{1}\)
Ratio of momenta = 2: 1

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder. It is characterized by increased blood glucose level due to insufficient, deficient or failure of insulin secretion. This is the most common pancreatic endocrine disorder.
Type I Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM):
(i) IDDM accounts for 10 to 20% of the known diabetics.
(ii) The condition also occurs in children (Juvenile onset diabetes) and young adults, the onset is usually sudden and can be life threatening.
(iii) This is caused by the destruction of cells of the pancreas.
(iv) It is characterized by abnormally elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) resulting from inadequate insulin secretion.
Causes: Genetic inheritance and environmental factors (infections due to virus, acute stress) are the cause for this condition.
Type II Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM): 
(i) This is also called as adult onset diabetes and accounting for 80 to 90% of the diabetic population.
(ii) It develops slowly, usually milder and more stable.
(iii) Insulin production by the pancreas is normal but its action is impaired. (iv) The target cells do not respond to insulin.
(v) It does not allow the movement of glucose into cells.
Causes: The causes are multifactorial which include increasing age obesity, sedentary lifestyle, overeating and physically inactive.

Medical applications of radioisotopes can be divided into two parts
i) Diagnosis ii) Therapy Radio. 
Isotopes are used as tracers to diagnose the nature of blood circulatory disorders, defects of bone metabolism, to locate tumors, etc. Some of the radio isotopes which are used as tracers are: hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, etc.
(i) Radio sodium (Na²⁴) is used for the effective functioning of heart.
(ii) Radio - Iodine (I¹³¹) is used to cure the goiter.
(iii) Radio iron is (Fe⁵⁹) is used to diagnose anemia and also provide treatment for the same.
(iv) Radio phosphorous (P³²) is used in the treatment of skin diseases.
(v) Radio cobalt (Co⁶⁰) and radio gold (Au⁷⁹) are used in the treatment of skin cancer.
(vi) Radiations are used to sterilize the surgical devices as they can kill the germs and microbes.

(i) The transparent layer cornea bends the light rays through pupil located at the centre part of the Iris.
(ii) The adjusted light passes through the eye lens. Eye lens is convex in nature. So, the light rays from the objects are converged and a real and inverted image is formed on retina.
(iii) Then, retina passes the received real and inverted image to the brain through optical nerves. Finally, the brain senses it as erect image.

Based on the position of centromere, the chromosomes are classified as Telocentric, Acrocentric, Submetacentric andMetacentric.
(i) Telocentric - The centromere is found on the proximal end. They are rod shaped chromosomes.
(ii) Acrocentric - The centromere is found at the one end with a short arm and long arm. They are also rod - shaped chromosomes.
(iii) Submetacentric - The centromere is found near the centre of the chromosome. Thus forming two unequal arms. They are J

(iv) Metacentric - The centromere occurs in the centre of the chromosome and form two equal arms. They are V shaped chromosomes.

1. Click events in script option

3. Click Looks in script option. Drag “say” to script area.

4. Type “Hello “ word in say tab.

5.Click sounds in script option. Drag play sound to script area. Choose the hello sound from the audio file.

6. From File menu choose the Save option.
7. Click the green flag at the top right corner of the stage window to run the program

Semi dwarf nature high yield, disease resistance, early maturity.

Sino-atrial node is called the 'pacemaker' of heart because it is capable of initiating impulse which can stimulate the heart muscles to contract thereby pushing the blood into the ventricles.

(i) Kiwi is a flightless bird. The degenerated wing in Kiwi is an example for organ of disuse.
(ii) When there is a change in the environment, the animals respond to the change.
(iii) They develop adaptive structures (acquired characters).

Area of copper rod,   A_o = 10 m²
Changes of Area of cross section,
Initial temperature \(\Delta \mathrm{A} =11 -10 =1 \mathrm{~m}^{2}  \)
\(\mathrm{~T}_{1} =90 \mathrm{~K}  \)
\(a_{\mathrm{A}} =0.0021 / \mathrm{K}  \)
\(\mathrm{T}_{2} =?  \)
\(\frac{\Delta A}{A_{0}} =a_{\mathrm{A}} \Delta \mathrm{T}  \)
\(\frac{1 }{10 } =0.0021\left[\mathrm{~T}_{2}-90\right]  \)
\(0.1 =0.0021\left[\mathrm{~T}_{2}-90\right]=\frac{0.1}{0.0021}+90=\mathrm{T}_{2}  \)
\(\mathrm{~T}_{2} =137.61 \mathrm{~K}\)
So the final temperature of a copper rod is 137.61 K

(i) Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium ethanoate and water
CH₃COOH + NaOH ⟶ CH₃COONa + H₂O
Ethanoic acid               Sodium hydroxide      
(ii) Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate and liberates CO₂, with brisk effervescence.
CH₃COOH + NaHCO₃ ⟶  CH₃COONa  + CO₂  ↑ + H₂O
Ethanoic acid                      Sodium hydroxide
(iii) Ethanol is oxidized to ethanoic acid with alkaline KMnO₄ or acidified K₂Cr₂O₇

(iv) Ethanol is highly inflammable liquid. It burns with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.