(i) Article 360 authorises the President to declare financial emergency if he is satisfied that the financial stability or credit of India or of any of its parts is in danger.
(ii) In this type of emergency, salaries and allowances of any class of persons serving State or Union, including judges of the Supreme Court and High Court can be reduced by an order of the President.
(iii) This type of emergency has not been declared in India so far.

National Emergency, State Emergency, Financial Emergency

The Administrative power of a State extends only to its own territory and with respect to which it has legislative competence, whereas the Union has exclusive executive power over:
(a) The matters with respect to which Parliament has exclusive power to make laws and
(b) The exercise of its powers conferred by any treaty or agreement

The 42^nd Amendment Act of 1976 transferred five subjects to Concurrent List from State List, that is, education, forests, weights and measures, protection of wild animals and birds, and administration of justice; constitution and organisation of all courts excepts the Supreme Court and the high courts

On the basis of their content and direction, directive principles they can be classified into three broad categories, viz, socialistic, Gandhian and liberal-intellectual.

Both the Supreme Court and the High Courts are empowered to issue five kinds of writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari. That is why the Supreme Court is called the "Guardian of the Constitution".

'Magna Carta' is the Charter of Rights issued by King John of England in 1215 under pressure from the barons. This is the first written document relating to the Fundamental Rights of citizens.

i) A writ is an order or command issued by a court in writing under its seal.
ii) It is in the nature of a command or prohibition from performing certain acts that are specified in the orders of the court.
iii) Both the Supreme Court and the High Courts are empowered to issue five kinds of writs.
iv) They are Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo Warranto.

i) Right to Equality
ii) Right to Freedom
iii) Right against Exploitation
iv) Right to Religion
v) Cultural & Educational Rights
vi) Right to Constitutional Remedies

i) The word 'citizen' is derived from the Latin terms 'civis'.
ii) It means resident of a City State.
iii) The Constitution of India provides for a single and uniform citizenship for the whole of India.
iv) Articles 5 to 11 under part II of the Constitution deals with the citizenship.