S.No	Rabi crop season	Kharif crop season
1.	The season is from October to March.	The season is from June to September.
2.	Wheat, gram, Rapeseeds, Mustard and Barley are grown in the northern states.	Rice, Cotton, Bajra, Maize, Jowar and Tur are grown in northern states.
3.	Rice, Maize, Ragi, Groundnut and Jowar are grown in southern states.	Rice, Maize, Ragi, Groundnut and Jowar are grown in southern states.
4.	Crops grow in warm weather.	Crops grow in hot weather.

Intensive farming:
i) Intensive farming is an agricultural intensification and mechanization system. It aims to maximise yields from available land through various means, such as heavy use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers.
ii) Plantation forming is practices in West Bengal, Kerala, Tamilnadu and Karnataka.
Plantation farming:
i) Plantation crops are cultivated for the purpose of exports. These are cultivated in large estates on hilly slopes. Tea, coffee, rubber and spices are the major plantation crops of India.

Soil Type Characteristics
Distribution
Crops growing
Alluvial Soil Khadar- light coloured, more siliceous.
Bhangar - the older alluvium composed of lime nodules and has clayey composition. It is dark in colour.
Formation - sediments deposited by streams and rivers 
Chemical properties - rich in potash, phosphoric acid, lime and carbon compounds but poor in nitrogen
Nature - Sandy-loam-silt-clay  Ganga and Brahmaputra river valleys; Plains of Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Punjab, Haryana, West Bengal and Bihar Rice, Wheat, sugarcane and oilseeds Black soils Formation - Derived from basalts of Deccan trap.
Colour - black colour, due to presence of titanium, iron.
Chemical properties - Consist of calcium and magnesium carbonates, high quantities of iron, aluminium, lime and magnesia. Maharashtra and Malwa plateaus, Kathiawar peninsula, Telangana and Rayalaseema region of Andra Pradesh and northern part of Karnataka. Cotton, Millets, Tobacco and Sugarcane Red soils Formation - decomposition of ancient crystalline rocks like granites and gneisses and from rock type
Chemical properties - rich in minerals such as iron and magnesium. Deficient in nitrogen, hummus, phosphoric acid and lime.
Nature - Light texture, porous, friable, presence of limited soluble salts Clay fraction of the red soils generally consists of Kaolinitic minerals. Eastern parts of Deccan plateau, southern states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Chota Nagpur plateau (Jharkhand) Wheat, Rice, Cotton, Sugarcane and Pulses Laterite soils Formation - formed in the regions where alternate wet and hot dry conditions prevail. It is formed by
the process of leaching
Chemical properties - Composed mainly of hydrated oxides of iron and aluminium,
Nature - More acidic on higher areas poor in high level, cannot retain moisture while plains they consist of heavy loam and clay and easily retain moisture Assam hills, hill summits of Kerala and Karnataka and Eastern Ghats and region of Odisha Coffee, Rubber, Cashew nut and Tapioca Forest and Mountain Soils Differ from region to region depending on climate.
Formation - due to mechanical weathering caused by snow, rain, temperature variation
Chemical properties - are deficient in potash, phosphorus and lime.
Nature - light, sandy, thin and found with the pieces of rock. Their character changes with the parent rocks. Very rich in humus. slow decomposition makes it acidic Coniferous forest belts of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Sikkim. Eastern and the Western Ghats Coffee, tea, rice, maize, potato, barley, tropical fruits and various types of spices

a) Construction of dams
b) Raising of dams/ cleaning of tanks
1. Considering the ineffectiveness of tribunals, there is a need to look for community based approaches to resolve such disputes effectively, amicably and sustainably.
2. Conflicts over water are preventable provided the communities involved become responsible water managers.
3. As the issue is protracted over centuries, the solution available is that new dams can be constructed to store the rainwater that wastefully mingles in oceans.
4. The state government must propel the action to allocate and identify the places where the dams can be constructed to store the water during heavy rainfall.
5. These wise actions will reduce the water dispute to a greater extent, when there are ways to save the running rain water, we need not fight with neighbouring states to spare water for irrigation.
6. The expert committees must have a thorough survey of the land forms to build dams.
7. This is absolutely an implementable solution.

a) It is impossible to imagine a world without agriculture. Just a hundred year ago, four out of five in the world would have been engaged primarily in farming.
b) Now in rich countries farmers are tiny shares of the work force. Indeed in the United States today there are more lawyers than farmers, more dry cleaning establishments than farms.
c) The structural transformation is truly a radical force, and it is propelling the global economy towards a world without agriculture.
d) There is a condition of unstable prices for staple agricultural commodities in the world market since 2007.
e) A dynamic agricultural sector raises labour productivity in the rural economy, pulls up wages and gradually eliminates the most dimensions of absolute poverty.
f) Somewhat pathetically the process also leads to a decline in the relative importance of agriculture to the over all economy as industrial service sectors grow more rapidly. Agriculture modernization and rural workers migrate to urban jobs.
g) Apart from these factors there are horrible range of farmers committing suicide when drought or flood spoils their crops. Waivering loans alone will not be a standing solution but a substantial war footing level of action by the government only can save agriculture from ruins.