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Published on: 12/08/2019
Sources of Energy
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1.
Name the type of nuclear reaction by which the Sun produces its energy. List two conditions which are present at the centre of the Sun responsible for this reaction.
2.
Mention three advantages of a solar cell.
3.
(a) Why is there a need to harness non-conventional source of energy?
(b) Give two main examples.
4.
Hydrogen has been used as a rocket fuel. Would you consider it a cleaner fuel then CNG? Why or why not?
5.
What is geometry energy?
6.
Why are we looking at alternate sources of energy?
7.
If you should use any source of energy for heating your food which one would you use and why?
8.
What is a good source of energy?
9.
Choose the incorrect statement
We are encouraged to plant more trees so as to ensure clean environment and also provide biomass fuel.
Gobar-gas is produced when crops. vegetable wastes etc., decomposes in the absence of oxygen.
The main ingredient of biogas is ethane and it gives a lot of smoke and also produces a lot of residual ash.
Biomass is a renewable source of energy
10.
Choose the correct statement?
Sun can be taken as an inexhaustible source of energy
There is infinite storage of fossil fuels inside the earth.
Hydro and wind energy plants are nonpolluting sources of energy.
Waste from a nuclear power plant can be easily disposed off.
11.
Which part of the solar cooker is responsible for greenhouse effect?
Coating with black colour inside the box
Mirror
Glass sheet
Outer cover of the solar cooker
12.
In a hydro power plant
Potential energy possessed by stored water is converted into electricity.
Kinetic energy possessed by stored water in converted into potential energy.
Electricity is extracted form water.
Water is converted into steam to produce electricity.
13.
A solar water heater cannot be used to get hot water on
A sunny day
A cloudy day
A hot day
A windy day
14.
(a) State one limitation of solar energy available from solar cells.
(b) What is the minimum wind velocity required to obtain useful energy with a windmill?
(c) Define the term 'nuclear fission'.
15.
(a) What is a 'solar cell'?
(b) Why is biogas considered an ideal fuel for domestic use?
(c) Name a device in which controlled chain reaction is used.
16.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a solar cooker? Are there places where solar cookers would have limited utility?
17.
Compare and contrast fossil fuels and the Sun as direct sources of energy.
18.
Energy from various sources is considered to have been derived from the sun. do you agree? Justify your answer.
19.
a) How can solar energy be harnessed?
b) Mention any two limitations in using solar energy.
c) How are these limitations overcome?
20.
What is renewable source of energy?
21.
What are fossil fuels?
22.
What is energy?
23.
What is meant by the 'calorific value' of a fuel? How is it determined? Arrange the following fuels in a decreasing order of their calorific values: Kerosene, Coal, LPG.
24.
Which one of the following is a renewable resource?
Natural gas, Petrroleum, Ground water, Coal
1.
Sun produces its energy by a reaction called nuclear fusion.
Two conditions which are present inside the sun that are responsible for nuclear fusion to occur are very high temperature and very pressure.
2.
a) It is eco-friendly.
b) It is found abundantly.
c) It converts visible as well as IR rays into electricity.
3.
(a) The energy demands are increasing rapidly due to population explosion and our efforts to improve quality of life by adopting faster means of transport and travel, rapid industrialization and extensive use of energy-fed home appliances.
(b) Fossil fuels are fast depleting.
4.
Hydrogen is a much cleaner energy source than CNG. CNG (compressed natural gas) is derived from biomass and hence burning the CNG causes air pollution; albeit on a much smaller scale than coal and petroleum. Use of hydrogen as energy source does not polluting gases.
5.
It is one of those sources of energy that do not come directly or indirectly from the solar energy.
6.
Because of growing population, the energy demand is rising. We need to find an alternate source of energy which renewable and environment friendly.
7.
LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) for heating my food, because it is easily available and gives no smoke on burning and also takes less time to do the job.
8.
A good source of energy should be renewable and environment friendly.
9.
(c)
The main ingredient of biogas is ethane and it gives a lot of smoke and also produces a lot of residual ash.
10.
(a)
Sun can be taken as an inexhaustible source of energy
11.
(c)
Glass sheet
12.
(a)
Potential energy possessed by stored water is converted into electricity.
13.
(b)
A cloudy day
14.
(a) The solar cells are costly and hence the energy available from them expensive.
(b) 15 km/h is the minimum wind velocity required to obtain useful energy with a windmill.
(c) Nuclear fission is the process in which a radioactive atom splits up into smaller nuclei when struck with low energy neutrons.
15.
(a) A solar cell is a device which converts solar energy into electricity. It is a sandwich of a silicon-boron layer and a silicon-arsenic layer.
(b) Biogas is an ideal fuel for domestic use because it is a cheap and clean fuel, which does not leave behind any residue.
(c) A nuclear power plant is a device in which controlled chain reaction is used.
16.
Advantages of Solar Cooker
a) They are environment friendly.
b) Use of a solar cooker does not involve recurring expenses on fuel.
Disadvantages of Solar Cooker.
a) Solar cooker is very slow.
b) Solar cooker can work only during summer months and is useless during winters and on cloudy days.
c) Solar cooker can be useful at those places which receive plenty of sunshine. This is useless in colder climates.
17.
| Sun | Fossil fuels |
| 1. It is renewable source of energy 2. It does not cause pollution 3. It is cheap, easily available for most of the time and at most of the places |
It is non-renewable source of energy It causes pollution in the environment It is expensive, not easily available any time and anywhere. |
18.
i) All fossil are the remains of the prehistoric plants and animals. Th energy of the fossil fuels is in fact that solar energy which was trapped by natural processes a long time ago.
ii) Solar energy also appears in the form of energy of water flowing in rivers as is obvious from the water cycle in nature. It is this energy which generates in hydroelectric power plants.
iii) Biomass energy is also the solar energy absorbed by the plans which convert it into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
iv) Human and animals use bioenergy to carry out their life activities.
v) Solar energy is one of the main factors responsible for the movement of air in the atmosphere leading to wind energy.
vi) Solar energy is used directly in solar.
19.
a) Solar energy can be harnessed by using solar energy devices. These devices either use solar energy directly as heat or convert it into solar energy directly as heat or convert it into electricity. One of the devices is solar cooker.
b) Limitations of solar energy:
i) It is not evenly distributed on the Earth.
ii) It requires costly equipment and infrastructure.
c) Using of solar cells.
20.
( )
A source of energy that can be obtained on a regular basis even after using it continuously is called renewable source of energy like solar, wind and water energy.
21.
( )
Fuels which are formed from the fossil remains of plants and animals and are obtained from under the earth's crust are called fossil fuels. Example coal, petroleum and natural gas.
22.
( )
Energy is the capability to do work.
23.
( )
The amount of heat produced in burning the unit mass of a fuel completely is known as the calorific value of that fuel. It is determined with the help of Bomb Calorimeter.
Arrangement of the fuels in a decreasing order of their calorific values.
LPG > Kerosene > Coal
24.
( )
Among natural gas, petroleum, ground water and coal, only ground water is a renewable resource. It returns in the water cycle.
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