a) Fossil fuels are natural fuel such as petroleum, coal and natural gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.
b) Fossil fuels, found inside the earth’s crust, are formed by natural process, such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms.
c)The formation of fossil takes over millions of years.
d) Heat and pressure produced by the accumulating sediment layers gradually transform the remains of the organisms into hydrocarbons. e.g. Petroleum, Coal and Natural gas.

i) Prohibit killing and hunting of specified animals.
ii) Constitute sanctuaries, national parks, and closed areas for wildlife conservation.
iii) Special schemes for preservation of endangered species.
iv) Constitute Central Zoo Authority and recognition of zoos.
v) Restrict, regulate or prohibit trade in wild animals and products obtained from them.

The main aim of wildlife conservation are:
i) To control and limit exploitation of species.
ii) To preserve the plants and animals from extinction.
iii) Maintenance of threatened species and protect species which are on the verge of extinction.
iv) Preserve the endangered species.
v) To study the ecological relationship of the plants and animals in natural habitat.
vi) Hunting and poaching should be prohibited.
vii) Establishment of National parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, protected areas and Biosphere reserves.

The important measures taken for conservation of forests are as follows
a) Afforestation : Activities for afforestation programme (Van Mahotsav) includes planting and protecting trees with multiple uses which help in restoration of green cover. Destruction of trees should be curtailed.
b) Social forestry programme : It should be undertaken on a large scale with active participation of the public and utilization of common land to produce firewood, fodder and timber for the benefit of the rural community. This relieves pressure on existing forests and to safeguard future of tribals.
c) Forest Conservation through Laws : Adopting stringent laws and policies to conserve and protect forests are through National Forest Policy, (1952 and 1988) and Forest Conservation Act, 1980.