Earthquakes: India is a vast country which experiences many earthquakes at different periods. Generally high risk zones of the country are located in the north and central parts. The state of Tamil Nadu is located in the moderately low risk zone.
Risk Reduction Measures:
(i) During: Take cover under a strong table or any other piece of furniture and remain under cover until the shaking stops.
(ii) After: Proceed cautiously once the earthquake has stopped and always avoid roads, bridges that might have been damaged by the earthquake.

Tsunami:
Though Tsunami is not a common one in India, its incident in 2004 alerted India and the state of Tamil Nadu on this aspect.
Risk Reduction Measures :
(i) Before: if you live in a coastal area, know about tsunami risk and local warning arrangements: develop household emergency plan; know where the nearest high ground is and how you will reach it.
(ii) During: Take your get away kit, don't travel areas at risk: move immediately nearest high ground: if you can't escape tsunami, go to an upper storey of the building or climb onto a roof or tree or grab a floating objects; never go to the shore to watch tsunami and listen to local radio stations as emergency management.
(iii) After: Continue to listen to the radio: don't return to the evacuation zone until authorities have given all clear; check yourself for injuries and get first aid and help others.

Forest Fire: Tamil Nadu is a tropical state. The high temperature during summer leads to occasional forest fire in deciduous and thorn forests. Risk Reduction Measures:
(i) Before: Create defensible space to separate your home from flammable vegetation and materials (30 feet); follow all local fire and building codes; keep all trees and shrubs trimmed. Use approved fire resistant materials; make evacuation plans with family members which include several options with an outside meeting place.
(ii) During: Listen to radio; watch tv; read newspapers for updates; if adequate water are available fill buckets with water. turn a light on a room in case of smoke; turn off gas and electrical appliances and be ready to evacuate all family members.
(iii) After: Check with fire officials before attempting to return to your home; use caution when re-entering a burned area - flare ups can occur; check grounds for hot spots and check the roof and exterior areas for sparks and embers.

(i) Tamil Nadu is water deficit state. It is almost a regular one and not a seasonal one. It depends mostly on northeast I monsoon for its rain.
(ii) Its failure ends in disastrous. The total assessed water resources in the state amount to 1,587 TMC (Thousand million cubic feet) while the state government's demand estimate is 1,894 TMC. (iii) Demand exceeds supply by 19.3%, this happens when rainfall is "normal':
(iv) The government classifies groundwater blocks into different categories. Only 145 of 385 such blocks are classified safe. The others are in various stages of depletion: over-exploited, critical and semi-critical.
(v) About 2% of the blocks are already saline. About 64% of the total area of the state is drought prone. Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Kanyakumari, Madurai, Ramanathapuram, Salem, Tirunelveli, and Tiruchirappalli are the districts which are more drought prone.
(vi) According to the desertification atlas prepared by the ISRO, about 12 percent of the total geographical area is under desertification and land degradation. Theni, Virudhunagar, the Niligris and Kanyakumari are the worst affected districts.
(vii) To manage the water deficit, rain water harvesting and water conservation methods have to be implemented strictly.

Flood is a common one in the coastal districts of Tamil Nadu during northeast monsoon. The recent flood occurred in the state was in 2015.
Risk Reduction Measures:
(i) Before: Know about relief centres and evacuation routes keep emergency phone numbers and important information fold and roll up things on to higher ground.
(ii) During: Be quick, keep safe and ensure that children and elderly are safe by leaving the house to a higher ground turn off all electrical appliances and gas leave the area before its get too late do not drive through the water stay away from power lines or broken power transmission cables and try to keep away from flood water.
(iii) After: Make sure to get back inside your house, keep all power and electrical appliances off before it is okay to put them on and wear appropriate dress before cleaning house which is necessary to clean the contamination.