(i) The epicenter of the struggle was on the western front and on the seas.
(ii) As the Allies controlled the sea-routes, they cut off the supply of food and other material reaching the Central Powers.
(iii) In Germany and Austria women and children suffered from hunger and privation. Germany attacked England by air.
(iv) Bombs were thrown on London and places where there were major factories.
(v) The Germans introduced poison gas and soon both sides resorted to its use.

(i) Tsar Nicholas II of Russia suggested to the Powers that they meet together to bring about an era of universal peace.
(ii) In response two Peace Conferences were held at The Hague in Holland in 1899 and 1907, but in vain Russia fought on the side of the Allies.

(i) Kaiser proclaimed that Germany would be the leader of the world. The German navy was expanded.
(ii) Germany's aggressive diplomacy and rapid building of naval bases convinced Britain that a German navy could be directed only against her. Therefore, Britain embarked on a naval race, which heightened the tension between the two powers.

A trust is an industrial organization engaged in the production or distribution of any commodity. The trust would possess adequate control over the supply and price of that commodity to its own advantage.

(i) 1914 is a turning point in world history.
(ii) The political and social processes that began in 1789 culminated in the First World War that broke out in that year and decisively shaped the course of the twentieth century.
(iii) Historians therefore call this as 'the long twentieth century'.