The main centres of IT parks are located in Chennai, Coimbatore, Thiruvananthapuram, Bengaluru, Mysuru, Hyderabad, Visakhapatnam, Mumbai, Pune, Indore, Gandhi Nagar, Jaipur, Noida, Mohali and Srinagar

The automobile industries are found in four clusters viz: Delhi, Gurgaon and Manesar in North India, Pune, Nasik, Halol and Aurangabad in west India, Chennai, Bengaluru and Hosur in South India and Jamshedpur and kolkata in East India.

(i) The Gas Authority of India Ltd [GAIL] is doing pioneer work in the field of natural gas exploration.
(ii) Discovery of gas made rapid strides in the 1985. Oil strikes at Cauvery offshore, at Nanda in Cambay basin and Tarot in Jaisalmer basin in Rajasthan were major discoveries during 1988-89.
(Iii) Recently, it has been found that Krishna- Godavari delta has reserves of Natural gas.

The 42^nd Amendment Act of 1976 transferred five subjects to Concurrent List from State List, that is, education, forests, weights and measures, protection of wild animals and birds, and administration of justice; constitution and organisation of all courts excepts the Supreme Court and the high courts

(i) The 86^th Amendment Act of 2002 changed the subject -matter of Article 45 and made elementary education a fundamental right under Article 21 A.
(ii) The amended directive requires the State to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years.

Both the Supreme Court and the High Courts are empowered to issue five kinds of writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari. That is why the Supreme Court is called the "Guardian of the Constitution".

Wildlife sanctuary is an area where wild animals and plants are protected. It is a declared protected area where very limited human activities are allowed.

(i) The term 'Wildlife' includes animals of any habitat in nature.
(ii) Wild animals are non-domesticated animals and include both vertebrates (Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals) and invertebrates(Bees, Butterflies, Moths, etc.).
(iii) India has a rich and diversified wildlife.

(i) The deltaic plain is an extension of the Khadar land. It covers about 1.9 lakh sq.km in the lower reaches of the Ganga River.
(ii) It is an area of deposition as the river flows in this tract sluggishly.
(iii) The deltaic plain consists mainly of old mud, new mud, and marsh.
(iv) In the delta region, the uplands are called 'Chars' while the marshy areas are called 'Bils'.

(i) It is the source for many perennial rivers like Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra, etc.
(ii) The Northern Mountains are described as the paradise of tourists due to its natural beauty.

(i) After the suppression of great revolt of 1857 Indian Muslims looked to Western culture with suspicion.
(ii) The community feared that Western education, Western culture, and Western ideas would endanger their religion.
(iii) Therefore only a small section of Muslims accepted the new avenues for modern education.
(iv) Consequently, Indian Muslims as a community lagged behind in comparison to the Hindu elite of various parts of India.

Contribution of Annie Besant
(i) In India the Theosophical movement became further popular with the election of Annie Besant (1847-1933) as its president after the death of Olcott.
(ii) She played a role in Indian nationalist politics and formed the Home Rule League demanding home rule to India on the lines of Ireland.
(iii) Annie Besant spread Theosophical ideas through her newspapers called New India and Commonweal.

The Arya Samaj, the Ramakrishna Mission and the Deoband Movement.

In November 1991, eleven republics (Ukraine, Georgia, Belarus, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan) announced secession from the Soviet Union.

The United States had its satellite states in Central America (Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Panama, and Guatemala), the Caribbean (Cuba, the Dominion Republic, and Haiti) and East Asia (the Philippines, South Korea, South Vietnam, and Thailand).

US, France, England, New Zealand, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Pakistan.

The rivalry that developed after World War II between the US and the USSR and their respective allies created tension which is referred to as Cold War.

(i) Mao was born in Hunan in south-east China. His father was a wealthy peasant, and a firm supporter of the Manchus.
(ii) Mao entered the Junior College at Changsha. In (1911) when the Revolution had broken out in China.
(iii) Mao joined the revolutionary army but soon left and enrolled in the Teachers' Training College in Changsha.
(iv) He then moved to Peking and served as an assistant librarian in Peking University.
(v) In the following year, Mao began his full-fledged political activities of Hunan and emerged as a staunch Communist.

(i) To promote economic development in poorer countries and the Bank lends money to various countries for developmental projects.
(ii) A further area of interest is poverty alleviation, especially in the rural areas of developing countries.

(i) These are Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), World Health Organisation (WHO), UNESCO (UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation).
(ii) There are also special organizations funded voluntarily by member countries.
(iii) The two best known among them are UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund) which promotes child health and welfare across the world, and the UNDP (United Nations Development Programme), which focuses on development.

(i) Tsar Nicholas II of Russia suggested to the Powers that they meet together to bring about an era of universal peace.
(ii) In response two Peace Conferences were held at The Hague in Holland in 1899 and 1907, but in vain Russia fought on the side of the Allies.

(i) Kaiser proclaimed that Germany would be the leader of the world. The German navy was expanded.
(ii) Germany's aggressive diplomacy and rapid building of naval bases convinced Britain that a German navy could be directed only against her. Therefore, Britain embarked on a naval race, which heightened the tension between the two powers.

A trust is an industrial organization engaged in the production or distribution of any commodity. The trust would possess adequate control over the supply and price of that commodity to its own advantage.

(i) 1914 is a turning point in world history.
(ii) The political and social processes that began in 1789 culminated in the First World War that broke out in that year and decisively shaped the course of the twentieth century.
(iii) Historians therefore call this as 'the long twentieth century'.