(i) The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) was launched by the United Nations Development Programme ((INDP) and the Oxford Poverty Human Development Initiative (OPHI) in 2010.
(ii) The basic philosophy and significance of MPI is that it is based on the idea that poverty is not unidimensional, and that it is rather multi-dimensional.
(iii) Multi-dimensional poverty is made up of several factors that constitute poor people's experience of deprivation such as health, education, Living standards, income, disempowerment, quality of work and threat from violence.

Purchasing power is the value of a currency expressed in terms of the amount of goods or services that one unit of money can buy. Price increases purchasing power declines and vice versa.

i) The area of food grains cultivated has increased.
ii) India has attained self sufficiency in food grain production,
iii) The increase in food grain production led to technological inventions in the dairy, poultry and fisheries sectors.
iv) It has resulted in eight fold increase in milk production and 40 fold increase in fish production.

The recurrent droughts experienced by India pushed her to be dependent on imports of food grains. In such situation United States of America extended assistance, through its Public Law 480 (PL 480) scheme to India during early 1960s. The situation was popularly known as 'Ship to Mouth' existence.

According to FAO "food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food which meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life".