1) Gross National Happiness (GNH):-
The term GNH was coined in 1972
The four pillars of GNH:
i) Sustainable and equitable socio-economic development
ii) Environmental conservation
iii) Preservation and promotion of culture.
iv) Good governance.
The nine domains of GNH:
i) Psychological well-being,
ii) Health,
iii) Time use,
iv) Education
v) Cultural diversity & resilience
vi) Good governance,
vii) Community vitality
viii) Ecological diversity & resilience
ix) Living standards.
2) Human Development Index (HDI):-
In 1990 Mahbub ul Haq, a Pakistani Economist at the United Nations, introduced the Human Development Index.
Composition:
It is a composite index of
i) life expectancy at birth
ii) adult literacy and
iii) Standard of living
India's HDI level:
i) India's HDI value for 2017 is 0.640
ii) Between 1990 and 2017, HDI value increased nearly 50% - an indicator of achievement in lifting millions of people out of poverty.

(i) A fast-growing population of working age.
(ii) A strong legal system
(iii) Communication and information technology

a) Primary sector (Agricultural sector) : 
(i) Cattle farm  (ii) Fishing  (iii) Mining
b) Secondary sector : (Industrial sector)
(i) Cotton textiles   (ii) Small scale industries   (iii) Cement 
c) Tertiary sector : (Service sector) 
(i) Government  (ii) Transport  (iii) Banking

Per Capita Income (PCI) or output per person is an indicator to show the living standard of people in a country. It is obtained by dividing the national income by the population of a country
\(\text {Per capita Income } = \frac { \text { National Income }}{\text { Population }} \)

 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total value of output of goods and services produced by the factors of production within the geographical boundaries of the country.