(i) Iyothee Thassar went to Sri Lanka in 1898 and converted to Buddhism. In the same year, he founded the Sakya Buddhist Society at Madras to construct the rational religious philosophy through Buddhist religion.
(ii) He argued that the so-called untouchables were originally Buddhists who were stigmatized by Brahminism.

i) Brahmo Samaj eradicated sati, child marriage and polygamy.
ii) Samaj forbade idol worship and meaningless religious rites and ceremonies.

Vivekananda's activist ideology rekindled the desire for political change among many western education young Bengalis. Many of the youths who were involved in the militant nationalist struggle during the Swadeshi movement following the Partition of Bengal were inspired by Vivekananda.

a) Ayyankali challenged many caste conventions such as clothing style. He wore clothes associated with upper castes that were prohibited for lower castes.
b) He rode on an ox - cart challenging the ban on untouchables from accessing public roads used by caste Hindus.
c) Ayyankali founded the Sadhu Jana Paripalana Sangam and raised funds to educate the lower caste Pulaya people.
d) Ayyankali fought for basic rights including access to public places and entry to schools.

He laid down four articles of faith:
 i)  In the beginning there was nothing. The one Supreme Being alone existed who created the universe.
ii)  He alone is the God of Truth, Infinite Wisdom, Goodness, and Power eternal, omnipresent the One without second.
iii)  Our salvation depends on belief in Him and in His worship in this world and the next.
iv)  Belief consists in loving Him and doing His will.