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10th Standard Science - Atoms and Molecules Two Marks Questions

Published on: 21/09/2019

Atoms and Molecules

Download Tamil Nadu 10th Standard Science question papers, model tests, one-mark questions, important questions, and public exam papers in PDF format. Free study materials and answer keys for TN State Board students.

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Std: 10th Standard - Science

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Questions:

Generic 2

10 x 2 = 20

List any two differences between atom and molecules.

State Avogadro's Hypothesis.

What is a poly atomic molecule?

Give an example of homo triatomic molecule

Define average atomic mass (AAM).

Define atomic mass unit?

Find the percentage of nitrogen in ammonia.

What is Molar volume of a gas?

Write the different types of isotopes of oxygen and its percentage abundance.

10.

Define: Relative atomic mass.

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Answers Key:

Generic 2

10 x 2 = 20

Atom	Molecule
An atom is the smallest particle of an element.	A molecule is the smallest particle of an element or compound.
Atom does not exist in a free state except in a noble gas.	Molecule exist in a free state.
Except for noble gas, atoms are highly reactive.	Molecules are less reactive.
Atom does not have chemical bond.	Atoms in molecules are held by chemical bonds.

Avogadro's law states that "equal volumes of all gases under similar conditions of temperature and pressure contain the equal number of molecules"

If a molecule contains mote than two atoms, then it is called polyatomic molecule.

Ozone O₃

The average atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of masses of its naturally occurring isotopes.

Atomic mass unit is one - twelfth of mass of carbon - 12 atom, an isotope of carbon which contains 6 protons and 6 neutrons.

Molar mass of ammonia (NH₃) = 14 + 3
= 17
Mass percentage of Nitrogen = \(\frac{Mass \ of \ nitrogen \ in \ ammonia }{Molar \ mass \ of \ the \ ammonia}\) x 100
= \(\frac{14}{17}\) x 100 =\(\frac{1400}{17}\) = 82.35 %
The Mass percentage of nitrogen in ammonia is 82.35%

(i) One mole (6.023 x 10²³ of entities) of any gas occupies 22.4 litre or 22400 ml at S.T.P.
(ii) This volume is called as molar volume of gas.

Isotopes of oxygen and its percentage abundance

Isotope	% abundance
₈O¹⁶	99.757 %
₈O¹⁷	0.038 %
₈O¹⁸	0.205 %

10.

(i) Relative atomic mass of an element is the ratio between the average mass of its isotopes to \(\frac{1}{12^{\text {th }}}\) part of the mass of a carbon-12 atom.
(ii) It is denoted as A_r.
(iii) It is otherwise called "Standard atomic weight".