(i) Resistor is used to fix the magnitude of the current through the circuit
(ii) Rheostat is used to fix the magnitude of the current through the circuit
(iii) Ammeter is used to measure the current.
(iv) Voltmeter is used to measure the potential difference.

Scratch is a software used to create animations, cartoons and games easily. Scratch, on the other hand, is a visual programming language. It is developed in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Media Lab to make programming easier and more fun to learn.

Lung cancer, bronchitis and pulmonary tuberculosis, emphysema, Hypoxia, increased blood pressure, gastric and duodenal ulcers.

i) Gas in liquid - CO₂ dissolved in water (Soda water)
ii) Solid in liquid - NaCl dissolved in water
iii) Solid in solid - Copper dissolved in gold (Alloys)
iv) Gas in gas - Mixture of Helium-oxygen gases

The Ieech makes a triradiate or 'Y' shaped incision in the skin of the host by the jaws protruded through the mouth and sucks the blood by muscular pharynx.

Given: V = 331 ms^-1, λ = 0.20 m, n =?
V = n x λ
331 = n(0.20)
n = \(\frac{331}{0.20}\) = 1655 Hz

Hydrogen chloride (HCl), Hydrogen iodide (HI) are two examples for heterodiatomic molecules.

Let, F₁ = 5 N
F₂ = 15 N
F_net = F₂ - F₁            [∵ F₂ > F₁]
= 15 - 5 = 10 N
F_net i.e, the resultant force acts along the direction of the greater force 15 N.

Adrenaline is known to cause physical symptoms that accompany test anxiety such as increased heart rate, sweating, and rapid breathing.

(i) 'A' is copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO₄.5H₂O).
(ii) 'B' is Anhydrous copper sulphate (CuSO₄)

(i) No, because Nickel is more reactive than Copper.
(ii) So Nickel easily reacts and displaces copper from copper sulphate solution.
(iii) \(\mathrm{Ni}_{(\mathrm{s})}+\mathrm{CuSO_4}_{(\mathrm{aq})} \rightarrow \mathrm{NiSO_4}_{(\mathrm{aq})}+\mathrm{Cu}_{(\mathrm{S})}\)

(i) Dilute or concentrated nitric acid renders aluminum passive.
(ii) It does not attack aluminium but it forms oxide film on its surface.

Given: Let m₁ = 8 kg, m₂ =2 kg. F = 15 N
Consider both the masses as a unit system as they will move with common acceleration,
\({\mathrm{F}}_{1}=\mathrm{M_1}a\)
 \(F_2=m_2a\)
\(F=F_1+F_2\)
\(=\left(\mathrm{m}_{1} +\mathrm{~m}_{2}\right){a}\)
\(15=(8+2) {a}  \)
\(15=10 a \)
\(a=15 / 10=1.5 \mathrm{~ms}^{-2}\)
a = 1.5 ms^-2
Let \(\mathrm{F}_{2}\) be the force exerted on 2 kg mass, then
\({\mathrm{F}_{2}}=\mathrm{m_2} {a}  \)
\({\mathrm{F}_{2}}=2 \times 1.5=3 \mathrm{~N}\)
So, the force exerted on 2 kg mass is 3 N.

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder. It is characterized by increased blood glucose level due to insufficient, deficient or failure of insulin secretion. This is the most common pancreatic endocrine disorder.
Type I Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM):
(i) IDDM accounts for 10 to 20% of the known diabetics.
(ii) The condition also occurs in children (Juvenile onset diabetes) and young adults, the onset is usually sudden and can be life threatening.
(iii) This is caused by the destruction of cells of the pancreas.
(iv) It is characterized by abnormally elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) resulting from inadequate insulin secretion.
Causes: Genetic inheritance and environmental factors (infections due to virus, acute stress) are the cause for this condition.
Type II Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM): 
(i) This is also called as adult onset diabetes and accounting for 80 to 90% of the diabetic population.
(ii) It develops slowly, usually milder and more stable.
(iii) Insulin production by the pancreas is normal but its action is impaired. (iv) The target cells do not respond to insulin.
(v) It does not allow the movement of glucose into cells.
Causes: The causes are multifactorial which include increasing age obesity, sedentary lifestyle, overeating and physically inactive.

(i) The object is always placed on the left side of the lens.
(ii) All the distances are measured from the optical centre of the lens.
(iii) The distances measured in the same direction as that of incident light are taken as positive.
(iv) The distances measured against the direction of incident light are taken as negative. (v) The distances measured upward and perpendicular to the principal axis is taken as positive.
(v) The distances measured downward and perpendicular to the principal axis is taken· as negative.

Based on the position of centromere, the chromosomes are classified as Telocentric, Acrocentric, Submetacentric andMetacentric.
(i) Telocentric - The centromere is found on the proximal end. They are rod shaped chromosomes.
(ii) Acrocentric - The centromere is found at the one end with a short arm and long arm. They are also rod - shaped chromosomes.
(iii) Submetacentric - The centromere is found near the centre of the chromosome. Thus forming two unequal arms. They are J

(iv) Metacentric - The centromere occurs in the centre of the chromosome and form two equal arms. They are V shaped chromosomes.

1. Click events in script option

3. Click Looks in script option. Drag “say” to script area.

4. Type “Hello “ word in say tab.

5.Click sounds in script option. Drag play sound to script area. Choose the hello sound from the audio file.

6. From File menu choose the Save option.
7. Click the green flag at the top right corner of the stage window to run the program

Valves are the muscular flaps that regulate the flow of blood in a single direction and prevent back flow of blood.

(i) Archaeopteryx is considered to be a connecting link between reptiles and birds.
(ii) It had wings with feathers like a bird. It has long tail, clawed digits and conical teeth like a reptile.

Change in volume \((\Delta V)=0.3-0.25 =0.05\mathrm{~m}^{3}\)
Original volume \(\left(V_{0}\right)=0.3 \mathrm{~m}^{3}\)
Change in Temperature \(\Delta \mathrm{T}=50 \mathrm{~K}\)
\(a_{\mathrm{V}} =?  \)
\(\frac{\Delta V}{V_{0}} =a_{\mathrm{V}} \Delta \mathrm{T}\)
\(a_{\mathrm{V}} =\frac{0.05}{0.3 \times 50}=\frac{0.05}{15}=0.0033 \mathrm{~K}^{-1}\)
Co-efficient of cubical expansion of Zinc bar 0.0033

(i) When people hear the word fossil, they probably think of gigantic leg bones and sharp teeth.
(ii) But, in appropriate conditions, after an animal dies even delicate body coverings like skin, hair and feathers can be preserved.
(iii) When it comes to preserving body parts, fossilized hair is rare.

(i) Biofortification is the scientific process of developing crop plants enriched with high levels of desirable nutrients like vitamins, proteins and minerals.
(ii) Production of Bio fortification crops help in removing hidden hunger.
Examples:
(i) Protina, Shakti and Rathna are lysine rich maize hybrids (developed in India).
(ii) Atlas 66, a protein rich wheat variety.
(iii) Iron rich fortified rice variety.
(iv) Vitamin A enriched carrots, pumpkin and spinach.
(v) So in this way, Biofortification may help in removing hidden hunger.

Step 1: The parent chain consists of 3 carbon atoms. The root word is 'Prop'.
Step 2: There are single bonds between the carbon atoms of the chain. So, the primary suffix is 'ane'
Step 3: Since, the compound contains - OH group, it is an alcohol. The carbon chain is numbered from the end which is closest to -OH group. (Rule 3)

Step 4: The locant number of –OH group is 1 and thus the secondary suffix is ‘1-ol’.
The name of the compound is Prop + ane + (1-ol) = Propan-1-ol
Note: Terminal ‘e’ of ‘ane’ is removed as per Rule 5