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10th Standard Science - Nuclear Physics Model Question Paper

Published on: 04/10/2019

Nuclear Physics

Download Tamil Nadu 10th Standard Science question papers, model tests, one-mark questions, important questions, and public exam papers in PDF format. Free study materials and answer keys for TN State Board students.

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Std: 10th Standard - Science

chapter: - Model Question paper

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Questions:

Multiple Choice Question

5 x 1 = 5

The explosion of the atomic bomb takes place due to

(a)

Nuclear fission

(b)

Nuclear fusion

(c)

Scattering

(d)

Heating

Kamini reactor is located at __________

(a)

Kalpakkam

(b)

Koodankulam

(c)

Mumbai

(d)

Rajasthan

Proton - Proton chain reaction is an example of__________

(a)

Nuclear fission

(b)

\(\alpha\) - decay

(c)

Nuclear fusion

(d)

\(\beta\) - decay

____________ isotope is used for the treatment of cancer.

(a)

Radio Iodine

(b)

Radio Cobalt

(c)

Radio Carbon

(d)

Radio Nickel

Unit of radioactivity is _____________

(a)

roentgen

(b)

curie

(c)

becquerel

(d)

all the above

Fill in the blanks

5 x 1 = 5

The phenomenon or radioactivity is ________.

Number of _______ reactors operating in India are _________.

If the radiation exposure is 100 R, it may cause ______________.

_________is used to measure exposure rate of radiation in humans.

10.

One roentgen is equal to ____________ disintegrations per second

Assertion and reason

2 x 2 = 4

11.

Assertion: Among alpha, beta and gamma rays, a - particle has maximum penetrating power.
Reason: The a - particle is heavier than β & ૪ rays.
Codes:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false
(d) Assertion is false but reason is true.

12.

Assertion: Control rods are known as 'neutron seeking rods'
Reason: Control rods are used to perform sustained nuclear fission reaction.
(a) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) If both the assertion and the reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but the reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but the reason is true.

Generic 2

7 x 2 = 14

13.

Distinguish between fissionable & fertile material.

14.

Define Curie.

15.

Which material protects us from radiation?

16.

Give the SI unit of radioactivity

17.

What is the amount of radiation that may cause death of a person when exposed to it?

18.

Write any two elements which are used for inducing radioactivity?

19.

Who discovered natural radioactivity?

Generic 4

3 x 4 = 12

20.

Identify A, B, C, and D from the following nuclear reactions.
(i) ₁₃AI²⁷ + A \(\longrightarrow \) ₁₅P³⁰ + B
(ii) ₁₂Mg²⁴ + B \(\longrightarrow \) ₁₁Na²⁴ + C
(iii) ₉₂U²³⁸ + B \(\longrightarrow \) ₉₃Np²³⁹ + D

21.

What is stellar energy?

22.

Give the function of control rods in a nuclear reactor.

Generic 7

1 x 7 = 7

23.

Compare the properties of alpha, beta and gamma radiations.

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Answers Key:

Multiple Choice Question

5 x 1 = 5

(a)
Nuclear fission

(a)
Kalpakkam

(b)
Radio Cobalt

(d)
all the above

Fill in the blanks

5 x 1 = 5

()
spontaneous emission

()
nuclear, 22

()
Leukemia

()
Dosimetre

10.

()
3.7 x 10¹⁰

Assertion and reason

2 x 2 = 4

11.

(d) Assertion is false but reason is true. - The penetrating power is heavier for y - rays

12.

(a) If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

Generic 2

7 x 2 = 14

13.

S. No	Fissionable material	Fertile material
i)	Fissionable material is a radioactive element that undergoes fission in a sustained manner when it absorbs a neutron. It is also termed as "fissile material".	There are some radioactive elements that can be converted into fissionable material. They are called as "fertile materials" .
ii)	Ex. U²³⁴, Plutonium (Pu²³⁹and Pu²⁴¹)	Ex. Uranium - 238, Thorium - 232, Plutonium - 240.

14.

Curie is the traditional unit of radio activity. It is defined as the quantity of a radioactive substance which undergoes 3.7 x 10¹⁰ disintegrations in one second. This is actually close to the activity of 1 g of Radium²²⁶".
1 curie = 3.7 x 10¹⁰disintegrations per second.

15.

Lead.

16.

Becquerel (Bq).

17.

600 R.

18.

Boron, Aluminium

19.

Henri Becquerel

Generic 4

3 x 4 = 12

20.

(i) ₁₃AI²⁷ + ₂He⁴ \(\longrightarrow \) ₁₅P³⁰ + ₀n¹
(ii) ₁₂Mg²⁴ + ₀n¹ \(\longrightarrow \) ₁₁Na²⁴ + ₁H¹
(iii) ₉₂U²³⁸ + ₀n¹ \(\longrightarrow \) ₉₃Np²³⁹ + _-1e⁰
A is alpha particle, B is neutron, C is proton, and D is electron.

21.

Fusion reaction that takes place in the cores of Sun and other stars results in an enormous amount of energy which is called as stellar energy.

22.

(i) The control rods are used to control the chain reaction as they are very good absorbers of neutrons.
(ii) By pushing in and pulling out, the reaction rate can be controlled.

Generic 7

1 x 7 = 7

23.

Properties	\(\alpha \) - rays	\(\beta \) - rays	\(\gamma \) - rays
What are they?	Helium nucleus (₂He⁴) consisting of two protons and two neutrons	They are electrons. (_-1e⁰), basic elementary particles of all atoms.	They are electromagnetic waves consisting of photons.
Charge	Positively charged particles. Charge of each alpha particle = +2e	Negatively charged particles. Charge of each beta particle=-e	Neutral particles Charge of each gamma particle = zero
Ionizing power	100 times greater than \(\beta \) rays and 10,000 times greater than \(\gamma \)rays	Comparatively low	Very less ionization power
Penetrating power	Low penetrating power (even stopped by a thick paper)	Penetrating power is greater than that of α rays. They can penetrate through the thin metal foil.	They have a very high penetrating power greater than that of \(\beta \) rays. They can penetrate through thick metal blocks.
Effect of electric and magnetic field	Deflected by both the fields. (in accordance with Fleming's left-hand rule)	Deflected by both the fields but the direction of deflection is opposite to alpha rays. (in accordance with Fleming's left-hand rule)	They are not deflected by both the fields
Speed	Their speed ranges from 1/10 to 1/20 times the speed of light.	Their speed can go up to 9/10 times the speed of light.	They travel at the speed of light.