MEPZ

Dharmapuri

a) Entrepreneurship is a process of a action of an entrepreneur who undertakes to establish his enterprise
b) It is the ability to create and build something.

a) Entrepreneur is an innovator of new ideas and business processes.
b) He possesses management skills, strong team building abilities and essential leadership qualities to manage a business.

SIPCOT (State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu) 1971
TANSIDCO (Tamil Nadu Small Industries Development Corporation) 1970
TIDCO (Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation ) 1965

a) Cluster may arise due to many factors.
b) Certain clusters evolve over a long time in history when artisans settle in one locality and evolve over centuries.
c) Handloom weaving clusters are one examples of this development.
d) Or else, in some sectors, when a large firm is established, a cluster of firms may emerge 10 take care of its input and service requirements
e) At times, governments may decide to encourage manufacturing using raw materials from a region, which may lead to emergence of clusters.

i) First, demand for food remains constant with regard to income.
ii) Second, even the food that is consumed is subject to mote transformation.
iii) Third, there are limits to the ability of agriculture to absorb labor due to the declining marginal productivity of the land.
iv) Due to all these factors, there is a need for an economy's the production and employment base to diversify away from agriculture.

Entrepreneurs play a most important role in the economic growth and development of a country's economy.
i) They promote development of industries and help to remove regional disparities by industrialising rural and backward areas.
ii) They help the country to increase the GDP and per capital income.
iii) They promote capital formation by mobilising the idle savings of the citizens and country's export.
iv) Entrepreneurs provide large-scale employment to artisans, technically qualified persons and professionals and to maximise profits by innovations.
v) They enable the people to avail better quality goods at lower prices, which results in the improvement of their standard of living.

i) Tamil Nadu is home to the largest textiles sector in the country
ii) Because of the development of cotton textile industry since the colonial period Coimbatore often referred as the "Manchester of South India".
iii) At present most of the spinning mills have moved to the smaller towns and villages radies over 100 to 150 km around the Coimbatore city.
iv) Tamil Nadu is the biggest producer of cotton yarn in the country
v) Palladam and Somanur are small towns near Coimbatore The villages near these towns home to a dynamic powerloom weaving cluster
vi) Power loom is however more widespread with Erode and Salem region also have a large number of power loom units
vii) Tiruppur is famous for clustering of firms producing cotton knitwear
viii) It accounts for nearly 80% of the country's cotton knitwear exports and generates employment in the range of over three lakh people since the late 1980's.
ix) It is also a major producer for the domestic market.
x) While initially most firms were run by local entrepreneurs, at present, some of the leading garment exporters in India have set up factories here
xi) Karur is a major centre of exports of home furnishings like table cloth, curtains, bed covers and towels.
xii) Bhavani and Kumrapalayam are major centres of production of carpets, both for the domestic and the global markets.
Traditional artisanal clusters:
There are also traditional artisanal clusters such as Madurai and Kanchipuram that are famous for silk and cotton handloom sarees.

The following are the chief characteristics of a successful cluster:
i) Geographical proximity of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)
ii) Sectoral - Specialisation
iii) Close  inter-firm collaboration
iv) Inter-firm competition based on innovation
v) A socio-cultural identity which facilitates trust
vi) Multi skilled workforce.
vii) Active self-help organisations,
viii) Supportive regional and municipal governments.

i) It is essential to produce inputs to other producers in an economy. Even agriculture requires inputs from industry such as fertilizers and tractors to increase productivity.
ii) A market exists for both producers and consumer goods. Even services like banking, transport, and trade are dependent on the production of industrial goods.
iii) By using modern methods of production, industries contribute to better productivity and hence lower the cost of production of all goods produced. It, therefore, helps people to buy goods at a cheaper rate and help create demand for more products.
iv) Through such expansion of production, Industrialisation helps to absorb the labor force coming out of agriculture. Employment generation is therefore an important objective of industrialization.
v) The advantage of industrialization is technological change. Through the use of modern techniques, industrialization contributes to learning of such methods and their improvement. As a result, labour productivity increases, and it helps workers earn higher wages.
vi) Expanding incomes lead to more demand for goods and services.