(i) He should be a citizen of India.
(ii) He should not be less than 30 years of age. 
(iii) He should not hold any office of profit under any Government.
(iv) He should be a person with sound mind and monetarily solvent.
(v) He should not be a member of the Lok Sabha or any other legislature.

(i) To give advice to the Government of India upon such legal matters which are referred to him by the President
(ii) Further he has the right to speak and to take part in the proceedings of both houses of the Parliament or their joint sitting and any committee of the Parliament of which he may be named a member but without a right to vote.
(iii) He enjoys all the privileges and immunities that are available to a member of Parliament.

The Vice President is the Ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. 
(i) Vice-President regulates the proceeding of the House.
(ii) He decides the order of the House.
(iii) He decides the admissibility of a resolution or questions.
(iv) He suspends or adjourns the House in case of a grave disorder. When the President is unable to discharge his duties due to illness or absence from the country, he attends to the functions of the President for a maximum period of six months.

i) Executive powers
ii) Legislative powers
iii) Financial powers
iv)Judicial powers
v) Military powers
vi) Diplomatic powers
vii) Emergency powers
Executive powers:
(i) Every executive action of the union shall be taken in the name of the President.
(ii) The President appoints the Prime Minister and the other members of the Council of Ministers.
(iii) He appoints Governors of states, Chief Justice and other judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts.
(iv) He appoints the Attorney General, Auditor General, Comptroller, Election Commissioners, Members of Service Commission and Ambassadors.
(v) He is the Supreme Commander of the Defence Forces of India. The President can appoint Army, Navy and Air Chiefs.
Legislative powers:
(i) The President is an integral part of the Union Parliament.
(ii) All bills passed by the Parliament become 'Laws of Acts' only after getting assent of the President. 
(iii) The President can dissolve the Lok Sabha before the expiry of its term.
(iv) He nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha.
Financial power:
(i) Annual Budget of the Central Government is presented before the Lok Sabha by the union Finance Minister only with the permission of the President.
(ii) He constitutes a Finance Commission after every five years.
Judicial powers:
(i) Article 72 confers on the President power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of punishment or to commute the sentence of any person convicted of an offence.
(ii) The President is not answerable to any court of law for exercise of his/her power.
Military powers:
(i) The President is the supreme commander of the defence forces. 
(ii) He can declare war against a country or make peace.
Diplomatic powers:
(i) The President appoints Indian diplomats to other countries and receives foreign diplomats posted to India.
(ii) All treaties and agreements with foreign states are entered into, in the name of the President.
Emergency powers:
(i) The President has been empowered by the Constitution to proclaim National Emergency under Article 352, State Emergency under Article 356, Financial Emergency under Article 360.

Functions of the Lok Sabha
​​​​​​​(i) Any bill can be introduced and passed in the Lok Sabha (Including Money Bill).
ii) It has the same power as Rajya Sabha to participate in case of impeachment of President and the judges of Supreme Court.
iii) It has equal power as Rajya Sabha in passing any bill for Constitutional Amendment.

Original Jurisdiction: 
The cases which are brought directly in the first instance to the Supreme Court come under original jurisdiction. These may be
(i) dispute between the Government of India and one or more states
(ii) Dispute between two or more states
(iii) The cases involving Fundamental Rights come under the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
Appellate jurisdiction:
i) The Supreme Court is the final appellate court in the country.
ii) The Supreme Court hears appeals against the decision of High Courts
iii) Such a case can be brought before the Supreme Court only if the High Court certifies that the case invites a substantial of law to the interpretation of the Constitution.
Advisory Jurisdiction:
The Constitution confers on the President the power to refer to the Supreme Court any question of law or fact which in his opinion is of public importance.
Miscellaneous jurisdiction:
i) The law declared by Supreme Court is binding on all courts within the territory of India.
ii) The Supreme Court is authorized to make rules for regulating, generally the practice and procedure of the court with the approval of the President.
Judicial Review:
i) The power of the Judiciary to declare a law as unconstitutional is known as Judicial Review'.
ii) The Supreme Court of India has Individual Review Power with regard to
a) Dispute between the Centre and State.
b) Protecting the Fundamental Rights.

Categories of the Ministers The ministers are classified under three ranks 
(I) Cabinet Minister
(II) Ministers of State
(III) Deputy Ministers.
Cabinet Ministers
(i) The Cabinet is an informal body of senior ministers who form the nucleus of administration.
(ii) Important decisions of the government are taken by the Cabinet, such as defence, finance, external affairs and home.
(iii) The Cabinet recommends to the President to promulgate an ordinance.
(iv) It is instrumental in moving Amendments to the Constitution.
Ministers of State
(i) These ministers belong to the second category of ministers in the council.
(ii) They are also in charge of ministries or departments but they do not participate in the meetings of the cabinet unless invited to do so.
Deputy Ministers
They are the lowest ranked ministers in the cabinet. They assist either the Ministers of Cabinet or state in the performance of the duties entrusted to them

Functions of the Lok Sabha
​​​​​​​(i) Any bill can be introduced and passed in the Lok Sabha (Including Money Bill).
(ii) It has the same power as Rajya Sabha to participate in case of impeachment of a president and the judges of Supreme Court.
(iii) It has equal power as Rajya Sabha in passing any bill for a constitutional amendment.
(iv) Lok Sabha members have the power to elect the president, vice president.
(v) The motion of no confidence can only be introduced in Lok Sabha. If it is passed then the prime minister and other councils of ministers need to resign from their post.
Functions of the Rajya Sabha
(i) Any bill (except the money bills) needs to be approved by Rajya Sabha to get passed. If the bill gets stuck for more than six months then President calls for a joint session of both the houses to resolve the deadlock.
(ii) It has the same power as Lok Sabha, for passing any bill for a constitutional amendment.
(iii) The members of Rajya Sabha have the electoral power for selection of President, Vice President.
(iv) It has power in the impeachment procedure of president and judges of the supreme court and high court.
(v) Rajya Sabha has the power to make a state list subject into National Importance. If two third majority of the members of Rajya Sabha passes a resolution to support it.