(i) Subhas Chandra Bose who had left the Congress was now under house arrest.
(ii) He wanted to strike British hard by joining its enemies.
(iii) In March 1941, he made a dramatic escape from his house in disguise and reached Afghanistan.
(iv) Initially he wanted to get the support of Soviet Union.
(v) After the Soviet Union joined the Allied Powers which included Great Britain, he went to Germany
(vi) In February 1943, he made his way to Japan on a submarine and took control of the Indian National Army.
(vii) Bose reorganised it into three brigades: Gandhi Brigade, Nehru Brigade and a women's brigade named after Rani of Jhansi.
(viii) Subhas Chandra Bose formed the Provisional Government of Free India in Singapore. He gave the slogan 'Dilli Chalo'. INA was deployed as part of the Japanese forces. However, the defeat of Japan stopped the advance of INA.
(ix) The airplane carrying Subhas Chandra Bose crashed bringing to an end his crusade for freedom.

(i) After Subhas Chandra Bose left the Congress he was under house arrest.
(ii) He wanted to strike British hard by joining its enemies.
(iii) ln 1941 he escaped to Afghanistan in disguise.
(iv) From there he went to Germany.
(v) Then he went to Japan and took control of the Indian National Army.
(vi) Bose reorganised it into three brigades - Gandhi brigade, Nehru brigade, and a women's brigade which was named after Rani of Jhansi.
(vii) Bose formed the Provincial Government of Free India in Singapore.
(viii) He gave the slogan 'Dilli Chalo'.
(ix) INA was deployed as part of the Japanese forces.
(x) But Japan was defeated and the advance of INA was stopped.
(x) The airplane carrying Subhas Chandra Bose crashed bringing his crusade for freedom.

(i) The interim government headed by Jawaharlal Nehru was formed in September 1946.
(ii) After some hesitation the Muslim League joined.
(iii) Its representative Liaqat Ali Khan was made the Finance member.
(iv) In February 1947, Clement Atlee declared that power would be transferred by June 1948.
(v) On 3 June 1947, the Mountbatten plan was announced.
The proposals of Mountbatten Plan :
(i) Power would be transferred on the basis of dominion status to India and Pakistan.
(ii) Princely states would have to join either India or Pakistan.
(iii) Boundary commission was to be set up under Radcliffe Brown and the award would be announced after the transfer of power.
(iv) Punjab and Bengal Legislative Assemblies would vote on whether they should be partitioned.

(i) Surrender of all titles of honours and honorary offices.
(ii) Non-participation in government functions.
(iii) Suspension of practice by lawyers, and settlement of court disputes by private arbitration.
(iv) Boycott of government schools by children and parents.
(v) Boycott of the legislature created under the 1919 Act.
(vi) Non-participation in government parties and other official functions.
(vii) Refusal to accept any civil or military post
(viii) Boycott of foreign goods and spreading the doctrine of Swadeshi.

(i) The Congress Ministries functioned as a popular government and responded to the needs of the people.
(ii) The salaries of ministers were reduced from Rs. 2000 to Rs. 500 per month. Earlier action taken against nationalists were rescinded.
(iii) They repealed the Acts which vested emergency powers in the government, lifted the ban imposed on political organisations except the Communist Party, and removed the restrictions on the nationalist press.
(iv) Police powers were curbed and reporting by the CID on political speeches discontinued.
(v) Legislative measures were adopted for reducing' indebtedness of the peasantry and improving the working conditions of the industrial labour.
(vi) Temple entry legislation was passed. Special attention was paid to education and public health.

(i) C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party on 1 January 1923, which was later approved by a special session of the Congress.
(ii) Swaraj Party members were elected in large numbers to the Imperial Legislative Assembly and the various Provincial Legislative Councils.
(iii) They effectively used the legislature as a platform for propagation of nationalist ideas.
(iv) In Bengal, they refused to take charge of transferred subjects, as they did not want to cooperate with the government.
(v) They exposed the true nature of the colonial government.
(vi) However, the Swaraj Party began to decline after the death of its leader C.R. Das in 1925.
(vii) Some of the Swaraj Party members began to accept government offices.
(viii) Swaraj Party withdrew from the legislatures in 1926.