1. It is considered as the cheapest mode of transport among the other modes of transport.
2. There is lesser pollution in water transports.

Railways, shipping

The term 'transport' includes all the clerical, mental and manual occupation involved in the operation of road, rail, canal, sea and air transport.

When goods are to be consigned in large quantity, it is advantageous to hire the whole or substantial part of the ship. The document through which this contract is made in known as 'Charter Party'. This may be known as 'Voyage Charter' or 'Time Charter',

Bill of Lading is a document containing the terms and conditions of the contract of carriage. It is issued by the shipping company and signed by the captain of the ship. It acknowledges the fact of receipt of the goods described in it on board the ship.

Advantages of railway transport:
1. Railways are well suited for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances.
2. It can provide long distance travel throughout the day and night with unbroken Services.
3. It can provide better production and safety to the goods than motor transport.
4. The goods generally carried in closed wagons are not exposed to sun, rain, etc.
5. Though initial investment is large, in the long run the operating expenses will be very low in railways and it will prove a cheaper mode of transport.
6. It requires less time than motor transport for carrying goods over long distance with greater speed.
7. It has regular schedule of timing and is available throughout the year.
8. It provides unaffected services whether rainy or shiny weather conditions.

Types of Transport:
Transport system can be classified in different ways depending on the types of transport, the ways and means of transport and also the motive power used in transport.
A. Surface Transport:
Transport of people and goods by land vehicles is known as Surface transport. It is also called as 'Land Transport'.
Example:
1. Pack Animals
2. Bullock Carts
3. Pathways Transport
4. Road Transport
5. Motor Lorries and buses
6. Tramways
7. Railway transport
B. Water Transport:
"Water is a free gift of nature". Human civilization through gradual application of science and technology, have utilized water resources for economic, political and military activities. Remarkable advancements are taking place in water transport due to considerable improvement in the construction, design motive power, speed and safety of ships and boats.
Water transport is the process of moving people, goods, etc. by barge, boat, ship or sailboat over a sea, ocean, lake, canal, river, etc. This category does not include articles on the transport of water for the purpose of consuming the water.
Water Transports are two types
i. Inland Waterways
ii. Ocean Waterways
C. Air Transport:
Air transport is the fastest and the costliest mode of transport. Commercial air transport is now one of the most prominent modes of overseas transport. The modern air transport has its growth with the invention of Airplane by Wright Brothers. Air transport is a form of travel in vehicles such as helicopters, hot air balloons, blimps, gliders, hang gliding, parachuting, airplanes, jets or anything else that can sustain flight.
Domestic and International flights:                                                                          Air travel can be grouped into two general classifications: national/domestic and international flights: Flights from one point to another within the same country are called domestic flights. Flights from a point in one country to a point of different country are known as international flights. Travelers can use domestic or international flights in either private or public travel.