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11th Standard
Biology
Answer All The Questions
Differentiate Homoiomerous and Heteromerous lichens.
What is plectostele? Give example.
How root climbers differ from stem climbers?
Find out the floral formula for a bisexual flower with bract, regular, pentamerous, distinct calyx and corolla, superior ovary without bracteole.
Where will you place the plants which contains two cotyledons with cup shaped thalamus?
Bring out the significance of Transmission Electron Microscope.
Write any three significance of mitosis.
Distinguish between nitrogenous base and a base found in inorganic chemistry.
Why elephants and other wild animals are entering into human living area?
Why are spongin and spicules important to a sponge?
Differentiate white adipose tissue from brown adipose tissue.
Name the visual units of the compound eyes of cockroach.
Why are villi present in the intestine and not in the stomach?
Which structure seals the larynx when we swallow?
Distinguish between mitral valve and semi lunar valve.
Name the three filtration barriers that solutes must come across as they move from plasma to the lumen of Bowman's capsule. What components of the blood are usually excluded by these layers?
Name the contractile proteins present in the skeletal muscle
What is ANS? Explain the components of ANS.
Comment on homeostasis.
Give the economic importance of prawn fishery
Why the cells of sclerenchyma and tracheids become dead?
What are the parameters which control water potential?
The nitrogen is present in the atmosphere in huge amount but higher plants fail to utilize it. Why?
Two groups (A & B) of bean plants of similar size and same leaf area were placed in identical conditions. Group A was exposed to light of wavelength 400-450nm & Group B to light of wavelength of 500-550nm. Compare the photosynthetic rate of the 2 groups giving reasons.
What are enzymes involved in phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reactions in EMP pathways?
What does a pace maker do?
How was the word virus derived?
List out the criteria undertaken for Whittaker's classification.
Name the four types of ascocarps produced by ascomycetes.
What are phycocolloids?
Answers
| Homoiomerous | Heteromerous |
| Algal cells evenly distributed in the thallus | A distinct layer of algae and fungi present |
Xylem plates alternates with phloem plates. Eg: Lycopodium clavatum.
(i) Root climbers: Plants climbing with the help of adventitious roots (arising from node). Eg: Piper betel,Piper nigrum, Pothos.
(ii) Stem climbers: These climbers lack specialised structure for climbing and the stem itself coils around the Support. Eg: Ipomoea, Clitoria, Quisqualis.
Polypetalae: Plants with free petals and dichlamydeous flowers come under polypetalae. It is further divided into three series - (iii) Calyciflorae: It includes plant having flowers with cup shaped thalamus and with inferior or sometimes with half inferior ovary. It includes 5 orders and 27 families.
(i) A beam of electron passes through the specimen to form an image. It provides two dimensional image.
(ii) The magnification is 1-3 lakhs times and resolving power is 2 - 10 Å.
1. Genetic stability - Daughter cells are genetically identical to parent cells.
2. Growth - As multicellular organisms grow, the number of cells making up their tissue increases. The new cells must be identical to the existing ones.
3. Repair of tissues - Damaged cells must be replaced by identical new cells by mitosis.
| Nitrogenous base | Inorganic base |
| In nitrogenous base the basic character is because of lone pair electron called lewis base | Inorganic base is because of hydroxyl ion that is arrihinus base |
| Eg: Perrine, Phyrinichine | Eg: NaOH |
Lack of food and favourable climate, food competition, non availability of water, interference of affect of predators elephants and other wild animals enter into human living area.
(i) Both the spongin and spicules are the components of exoskeleton of sponges.
(ii) A hard exoskeleton protects the animals from external environment.
(iii) Both the components are produced by scleroblasts.
| White Adipose Tissue | Brown Adipose Tissue |
| 1. Tissue contains less mitochondria. | Tissue contains more mitochondria. |
| 2. Stores nutrients | Converts fats into heat energy which heat the blood stream to warm the body. |
| 3. No non-shivering thermogenesis. | Non-shivering thermogenesis. |
(i) Ommatidia are the visual units of compound eyes of cockroach.
(ii) Each ommatidium is functional as an eye unit.
(iii) Photoreceptors are dorsally found.
(iv) Each compound eye consists of 2000 simple eyes called ommatidia.
(v) All the visual images captured by ommatidia are made into a single conchorent picture by supra oesophageal ganglion (brain).
(i) In stomach digested food is incompletely formed so that cannot be absorbed.
(ii) Finger like projections called villi are not found in the wall of stomach.
(iii) The concentration gradient by active transport cannot be created in stomach.
(i) A thin elastic flap called epiglottis is found in the upper respiratory tract.
(ii) It prevents the food from entering into the larynx.
(iii) It avoids choking of food.
| S.No. | Mitral Valve | semilunar Valve |
| 1. | Found between left atrium and left ventricle. | Found at the entry of pulmonary artery and aorta. |
| 2. | Has two flaps or cusps. | Has three flaps or cusps. |
| 3. | Appear as flaps. | Appear as half moon shaped. |
| 4. | Prevents the backword flow of oxygenated blood from left ventricle to left atrium. |
Prevents the backward flow of deoxygenated blood into right ventricle and oxygenated blood into left ventricle. |
| 5. | Also called as bicuspid valve. | Also called as pulmonary or aortic valves. |
1. Podocytes end in foot processes found in the openings between the foot processes (Filtration slits).
2. Malpighian body/renal corpuscle.
3. Blood cells like RBCs, WBCs and platelets.
Actin, myosin, meromyosin, tropomyosin and troponin.
1. The ANS autonomic neural system is auto functioning and self-governed.
2. It is a part of the peripheral neural system that innervates smooth muscles, glands and cardiac muscle. This system controls and coordinates the involuntary activities of various organs.
3. ANS controlling centre is in the hypothalamus.
(i) Hormones coordinate different physical, physiological, mental activities and maintain homeostasis.
(ii) Maintenance of constant internal environment of the body by the different coordinating system.
Economic importance of prawn:
(i) Prawn is a very tasty proteinaceous food.
(ii) Economic growth can be achieved by prawn at a low cost.
(iii) It is profitable to cultivate prawns in fresh water at a low cost.
(iv) By Exporting prawns can also bring a lot of foreign currency to the country.
The cells of sclerenchyma & tracheids become dead because they lack protoplasm
(1) Water potential \(\left(\Psi_{\mathrm{W}}\right)\) can be determined by,
(i) Solute concentration or Solute Potential \(\left(\Psi_{\mathrm{S}}\right)\)
(ii) Pressure potential \(\left(\Psi_{\mathrm{P}}\right)\)
(2) By correlating two factors, water potential is written as,
(3) Water potential = Solute potential + Pressure potential
(4) \(\Psi_{W}=\Psi_{S}+\Psi_{P}\)
(i) Yes. Nitrogen cannot be directly absorbed by plants but they are essential for normal growth and functioning of a plant. Hence they are fixed by bacteria and some fungi.
(ii) It can be utilised only in the form of nitrates (NO3-) and nitrites (NO2-).
(i) Group A shows maximum photosynthesis. chlorophyll pigments of the spectrum is (400 - 450 nm), hence the photosynthesis is high.
(ii) Group B will show negligible amount of photosynthesis, because chlorophyll does not absorb any light in this region (500 - 550nm). It reflects green.
(i) Phosphorylation - Hexokinase, Phospho fructokinase and glyceraldehyde - 3 phosphate dehydrogenase
(ii) De-Phosphorylation - Phospho glycerate Kinase and Pyruvate Kinase
1. Pacemaker is a medical device which uses electrical impulses, delivered by electrodes contracting the heart muscles, to regulate the beating of the heart.
2. The primary purpose of a pacemaker is to maintain an adequate heart rate, either because the heart's natural pacemaker is not fast enough, or because there is a block in the hearts electrical conducting system.
The word virus is derived from latin meaning 'Poison' .
The criteria adopted for the classification include cell structure, thallus organization, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationship.
Cleistothecium, Perithecium, Apothecium and Pseudothecium.
Algae like Kappaphycas alvarezii , Gracilaria edulis and Gelidielh acerosa are grown commercially in the sea for harvesting phycocolloids got from cell wall of algae.
