Public Sector and Private sector banks
Public Sector Banks:
(i) Public sector bank is a bank in which the government holds a major portion of the shares.
(ii) Say for example, SBI is public sector bank, the government holding in this bank is 58.60%. Similarly PNB is a public sector bank, the government holds a stake of 58.87%.
(iii) Usually, in public sector banks, government holdings are more than 50 percent.
(iv) Public sector banks are classified into two categories: 1. Nationalised Banks 2. State Bank and its Associates.
(v) In case of nationalized banks, the government controls and regulates the functioning of the banking entity. Some examples are SBI, PNB, BOB, OBC, Allahabad Bank, etc.
(vi) However, the government keeps reducing the stake in PSU. banks as and when they sell shares. So, to that extent they can also become minority shareholders in these banks. This is in accordance with the privatization policy.
Private Sector Banks
(vii) In these banks, most of the equity is owned by private bodies, corporations, institutions or individuals rather than government.
(viii) These banks are managed and controlled by private promoters.
(ix) Of the total banking industry in India, public sector banks constitute 72.9% share while the rest is covered by private players. In terms of the number of banks, there are 27 public sector banks and 22 private sector banks.
(x) As part of its differentiated banking regime, RBI, the apex banking body, has given license to Payments Bank and Small Finance Banks (SFBs). This is an attempt to boost the government's Financial Inclusion drive.
(xi) As a result, Airtel Payments Bank and Paytm Payments Bank Limited have come up. How far these banks would help the poor people is not known.

Process of Industrial Transition and Colonial Capitalism:
This process of industrial transition in India during the British period can be broadly classified into two as given below:
(a) Industrial growth during the 19th century
(i) During the 19th century, British investors started to pioneer industrial enterprises in India as they had experiences of running industries at home.
(ii) British enterprises also received maximum state support. Although the Britishers initiated industrialisation process in the 19th century, they were primarily interested in making profit and not in accelerating the economic growth in India.
(iii) At the end of 19th century, there were about 36 jute mills, 194 cotton mills and a good number of plantation industries. The production of coal had risen to over 6 million tonnes per annum.
(b) Industrial progress during the 20th century
(i) During- the first part of 20th century, Swadeshi movement stimulated the industrialisation process in India.
(ii) The existing industries and new industries had maintained a slow but steady growth till the outbreak of the First World War in 1914.
(iii) By this time more than 70 cotton mills and 30 jute mills were set up. Coal production was doubled. The foundation of iron and steel industry was laid. Railway network was extended.
(iv) During the period 1924-39, various major industries like iron and steel, cotton textiles, jute, matches, sugar, paper and pulp industry, etc., were brought under protection scheme. This led to rapid expansion of protected industries in India.
(v) These protected industries captured the entire Indian market and eliminated foreign competition totally.
(vi) Thus in the early part, British rule tried to transform the Indian economy as the producer of industrial raw materials and tried to capture Indian market for their industrial finished goods and thus started exploiting Indian economy in a different way.
(vii) Later on, British capitalists gradually developed various industries like, jute, tea, coffee, cotton and textiles, paper and paper pulp, sugar, etc., in India for locational advantages and exploited Indian labourers extensively.

a) The British rule stunted the growth of Indian enterprise.
b) The economic policies of British checked and retarded capital formation in India.
c) the drain of wealth financed capital development in Britain.
d) Indian agricultural sector became stagnant and deteriorated even when a large section of Indian population was depend on agriculture for subsistence.
e) The British rule in India led the collapse of handicraft industries.
f) Some efforts by the colonial British regime in developing the plantations, mines, jute mills banking and shipping mainly promoted a system of capitalist firms that were managed by foreigners. These profit motives led to further drain of resources from India. 

(i) The global human development reports published by the united nations development programme.
(ii) It recognizes that in every society certain groups are far more likely to suffer disadvantages than others and identifies, deep-rooted and often unmeasured, barriers to development.
(iii) The report also looks to what societies should do to advance human development for everyone.
(iv) It sets forward policy recommendations at the national level and also look at ways in which the global development.
(v) Landscape could be made more effective in the fight to leave no one behind and achieve the 2030 Agenda and sustainable development goals.

(1) Indian Bank
(2) Indian Overseas Bank
(3) Oriental Bank of Commerce
(4) Punjab National Bank
(5) Punjab and Sindh Bank
(6) Syndicate Bank
(7) Union Bank of India
(8) United Bank of India
(9) Uco Bank
(10) Vijaya Bank
(11) Allahabad Bank
(12) Andhra Bank
(13) Bank of Baroda
(14) Bank of India
(15) Bank of Maharashtra
(16) Canara Bank
(17) Central Bank of India
(18) Corporation Bank
(19) Dena Bank
Banks + SBI + its associates + IDBI = 26