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Published on: 16/09/2019
Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
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Questions + Answers key
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1.
How micro-propagation is helpful in producing thousands of plant?
2.
What role is played by heterozygosity in the improvement of breeds?
3.
"Large scale cultivation of Spirulina is highly advantageous for human population." Explain giving two reasons.
4.
Success rate of artificial insemination in cattle is fairly is fairly low. Identify any other technique to improve the successful production of hybrids. State two advantages of this technique.
5.
How can healthy potato plants be obtained from a desired potato variety which is viral infected? Explain.
6.
Name any two Indian breeds of:
(i) Cows and
(ii) Buffaloes.
7.
Discuss the average daily feed of a cow.
8.
Suggest two features of plants that will prevent insect and pest infestation.
9.
'Give me a living cell of any plant and I will give you a thousand plants of the same'.Is this only a slogan or is it scientfically possible?Write your comments and justify them.
10.
What is meant by germplasm collection? Why is it necessary?
11.
The steps in a programme are:
Collection of germplasm
Crossbreeding the selected parents
Testing, releasing and marking new cultivars.
(i) What is this programme related to?
(ii) Name two special qualities as basis of selection of the progeny
(iv) What is the popular term given to this outcome? Also name the indian scientist who is credited with chalking out of this programme.
12.
Mention the factors responsible for the success of Green Revolution.
13.
Discuss the role of fishery in enhancement of food production
14.
Explain in brief the role of animal husbandry in human welfare.
1.
By application of these methods it is possible to achieve propagation of large number of plants in very short time.
2.
Reduces inbreeding depression.
3.
1. Spirulina is a very good source of protein and also has fats carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins for undernourished humans and animal population, and its cultivation reduces environmental pollution.
2. It can be grown in waste water/molasses/ straw/animal manure. It is easy to cultivate.
4.
1. Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer Technology increases herd size, in a short time.
2. Detailed Answer:
Controlled breeding of cattle is carried out by artificial insemination but the success rate inlow. This can be overcome by MOET (Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer) Technique. This techniques helps to improve the successful production of hybrids and also to increase the herd size.
5.
Healthy potato plants can be obtained from a desired potato variety which is viral infected with the help of tissue culture.
The apical and axillary meristems of the infected plant remain virus free. Hence, they are removed and grown in vitro to obtain healthy potato plants. This is one of the applications of tissue culture.
6.
(i) Cow-breeds: Sahiwal and Gir.
(ii) Buffalo breeds: Murrah and Mehsana.
7.
(i) Green fodder = 15 - 20 kg.
(ii) Grain mixture = 4 - 5 kg.
(iii) Water = 30 - 35 litres.
(iv) Additive feed like antibiotics, hormones, minerals, etc.
Additive feed increases the milk yield and also protects the animals from diseases.
8.
(i) Increasing hair growth on aerial parts of plants.
(ii) Rendering the flowers nectar less.
(iii) Enabling plants to secret insect killing chemicals (toxins).
9.
1. It is scientifically possible to produce a number of plants from a single plant.
2. Explants are made from the given plant and cultured on a suitable, medium, under sterile conditions.
10.
1. The sum total of all the alleles of the genes present in an individual organism and its related species, is calle dgermplasm collection.
2. genetic variability is the root of any breeding programme.
3. Collection of germplasm is necessary for exploitation of natural genes available in the populations.
11.
(i) Plant breeding / Raising of new varieties of a crop
(ii) High yield, disease resistance, semi dwarfness,high protein content.
(iii) New hybird varieties of plants have been produced, and there is an increased yield.
(iv) Green revolution M.S. Swaminathan
12.
(i) Use of hybird varieties seeds.
(ii) Use of fertilizers.
(iii) Increased irrigation facilities.
(iv) Availability of cultivable land.
13.
fishery:
1. Fishery is an industry devoted to the catching, processing and selling of fish,shellfish and other aquatic animals.
2. Through blue revolution,the fish production has incresed.
3.The production of aquatic plants and animals has been incresed through pisciculture and aquaculture.
14.
Animal husbandry:
(i) The ever increasing demand for food from animals and animal products, both in terms of quality and quantity has been met by animal husbandry practies.
(ii) There has been a remarkable growth in the practicle of bee-keeping and production of honey
(iii) Demand for aquatic foods, espectively fish and fish products has also been met by animal husbendry practices.
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