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12th Standard English Medium Biology (Botany) Subject Asexual and Sexual Reproduction in Plants Book Back 2 Mark Questions with Solution Part - I

Published on: 02/06/2021

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Std: 12th Standard - Biology

chapter: - Book back Questions

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Questions:

Generic 2

2 x 2 = 4

What are clones?

List out two sub-aerial stem modifications with example.

Generic 3

2 x 3 = 6

Distinguish mound layering and air layering.

Differentiate Grafting and Layering.

Generic 5

1 x 5 = 5

Explain the conventional methods adopted in vegetative propagation of higher plants.

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Answers Key:

Generic 2

2 x 2 = 4

Individuals formed by asexual reproductive methods are morphologically and genetically identical and are called clones.

Sucker - chrysanthemum
Stolon - jasmine

Generic 3

2 x 3 = 6

Mound Layering	Air Layering
A lower flexible branch of the plant is selected.	A healthy, stiff branch of the plant is selected.
The branch is bent to the ground.	The stem is girdled at the nodal region hormones applied.
A part of the branch is buried in the soil leaving the tips exposed and allowed for rooting	The girdled portion is covered with Damp or moist soil and allowed for rooting.

Grafting Layering Types Types of grafting Bud/Approach/Tongue
Crown/Wedge Types of layering mound / Air Benefits More useful to get more varieties from a single Plant Can get only one type of offspring Usage More useful in horticultural filed Less useful technique in horticultural field Result Can get highly desirable characters from parent stock to different scion Can get same characteristics from parent to offspring

Generic 5

1 x 5 = 5

Artificial propagation of higher plants used by man for a very long time are called conventional methods
1) Cutting
The cut parts from (root, stem, leaf) parent plant are grown in suitable medium. They grow into new plants
Example:
(i) Root Cutting - Malus.
(ii) Stem Cutting - Hibiscus.
(iii) Leaf cutting - Begonia.
2) Grafting
Parts of two different plants are joined so that they continue to grow as one plant of the two plants the plant which is in contact with the soil is called stock the plant used for grafting is called scion.
Example:
(i) Citrus, Mango.
(ii) There are different types of grafting based on the method of uniting the scion and stock.
Layering
The stem of the parent plant is allowed to develop roots while still intact. After the roots formation rooted part is cut and planted to grow as a new plant.
Example:
Ixora, Jasminum
It is of two types - Mound / Air layering.