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12th Standard English Medium Chemistry Subject Transition and Inner Transition Elements Creative 2 Mark Questions with Solution Part - I

Published on: 21/06/2021

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Std: 12th Standard - Chemistry

chapter: - Creative Questions

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Questions:

Generic 2

5 x 2 = 10

Many industrial processes use transition metal or their compounds as catalyst. Why?

Orange colour of Cr₂O₇^2- ion charges to yellow in alkali and yellow solution turns out orange on adding H⁺ ions. Explain why?

What happens when KMnO₄ is treated with KI?

Silver atom has completely filled d-orbitals (4d¹⁰) in its ground state. How can you say that it is a transition element?

Why Zn²⁺salts are white while Ni²⁺salts are coloured?

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Answers Key:

Generic 2

5 x 2 = 10

Transition metal has energetically available d orbitals that can accept electrons from reactant molecule or metal can form bond with reactant molecule using its d electrons. For example, in the catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene, the alkene bonds to an active site by using its π electrons with an empty d orbital of the catalyst.

(i) When orange solution containing Cr₂O₇^2- ion is treated with an alkali, a yellow solution of Cr₂O₇^2- is obtained.
(ii) Similarly, when H⁺ ions are added to yellow solution, an orange solution of Cr₂O₇^2- is obtained due to interconversion.

2KMnO₄+ 2KI ⟶ 2MnO₂+ I₂+ 4KO
2KMnO₄ + 2KI + H₂O ⟶ KIO₃ + 2KOH + MnO₂

(i) Silver in its +1 oxidation state, exhibits 4d¹⁰5s⁰configuration.
(ii) But in some compounds, it also shows +2 oxidation state, so the configuration becomes 4d⁹5s⁰
(iii) Here, d-orbital is not completely filled. Therefore silver is a transition element.

(i) Ni²⁺ (3d⁸) - has two unpaired electrons, promotion of d orbital by absorption of energy possible - shows colour.
(ii) Zn²⁺(3d¹⁰) - has no unpaired electron, no promotion of d orbitals possible - shows white colour.