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12th Standard English Medium Physics Subject Atomic and Nuclear physics Book Back 2 Mark Questions with Solution Part - I

Published on: 01/06/2021

QB365 provides detailed and simple solution for every Book back Questions in class 12 Physics Subject. It will helps to get more idea about question pattern in every book back questions with solution.

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Std: 12th Standard - Physics

chapter: - Book back Questions

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Questions:

Generic 2

5 x 2 = 10

Define atomic mass unit u.

What is isotone? Give an example.

Write a general notation of nucleus of element X. What does each term denote?

What is distance of closest approach?

Define the ionization energy and ionization potential.

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Answers Key:

Generic 2

5 x 2 = 10

One atomic mass unit (u) is defined as the (1/12)^th of the mass of the isotope of carbon \(_{ 6 }^{ 12 }{ C }\)
\(\mathrm{lu}=\frac{\text { mass of }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C} \text { atom }}{12}=\frac{1.9926 \times 10^{-26}}{12}=1.660 \times 10^{-27} \mathrm{~kg}\)

Isotones are the atoms of different elements having same number of neutrons.
Example: \({ }_{5}^{12} \mathrm{~B},{ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C}\)

General Notation -\(_{ Z }^{ A }{ X }\)
A - Mass number of nucleus - the total number of neutrons and protons in the nucleus
Z - atomic number of nucleus - the total number of protons in the nucleus
X - chemical symbol of the element.

The minimum distance between the centre of the nucleus and the alpha particle just before it gets reflected back through 180⁰ is defined as the distance of closest approach r_o(also known as contact distance).

(i) Minimum energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the ground state is known as binding energy or ionization energy.
(ii) Ionization potential is defined as ionization energy per unit charge.