Constitutional
Opportunity for participation in the government was one of the major demands of the Indian National Congress. It demanded Indian representation in the government.
Economic
High land revenue was one of the major factors that contributed to the oppression of the peasents. It demanded reduction in the land revenue and protection of peasants against exploitation of the zamindars. The Congress also advocated the imposition of heavy tax on the-imported goods for the benefit of swadeshi goods.
Administrative
Higher officials who had responsibility-of administration in India were selected through civil services examinations conducted in Britain. This meant that educated Indians who could not-afford to go to London had no opportunity to get high administrative jobs. Therefore, Indianisation of services through simultaneous Indian Civil Services Examinations in England and India was a major demand of the Congress.
Judicial
Because of the partial treatment against the Indian political activists by English judges it demanded the complete separation of the Executive and the Judiciary.

Famines
1) As India became increasingly de-industrialised and weavers and artisans engaged in handicrafts were thrown out of employment, there were recurrent famines due to the neglect of irrigation and oppressive taxation on land.
2) Before the arrival of the British, Indian rulers had ameliorated the difficulties of the populace in times of famines by providing tax relief, regulating the grain prices and banning food exports from famine-hit areas.
3) But the British extended their policy of non-intervention (laissez faire) even.to famines. As a result, millions of people died of starvation during the Raj. It has been estimated that between 1770 and 1900, twenty five million Indians died in famines.
4) During the 1866 Orissa Famine, for instance, while a million and a half p 'do' p. iestarved to death, the British exported 200 million pounds of rice to Britain.
5) The Orissa Famine prompted nationalist Dadabhai Naoroji to begin his lifelong investigations into Indian poverty,
6) The failure of two successive monsoons caused a severe famine in the Madras Presidency during 1876-78.
7) The viceroy Lytton adopted a hands-off approach similar to that followed in Orissa Emigration.
8) Penal contract system (indenture), labourers were hired for a period of five years and they could return to their homeland with passage paid at the end.
9) Many impoverished peasants and weavers went hoping to earn some money.
10) lt turned out to be as worse than slave labour. The colonial state allowed agents (kanganis) to trick or kidnap indigent landless labourers. The labourers suffered terribly on the long sea voyages and many died on the way.