(i) Robots have no sense of emotions or conscience.
(ii) They lack empathy and hence create an emotionless work place.
(iii) If ultimately robots would do all the work, and the humans will just sit and monitor them, health hazards will increase rapidly.
(iv) Unemployment problem will increase.
(v) Robots can perform defined tasks and cannot handle unexpected situations.
(vi) If a small thing goes wrong it ends up a big loss to the company.
(vii) Repairing takes a long time.
(viii) Humans cannot be replaced by robots in decision making.
(ix) Till the robot reaches the level of human intelligence, the humans in work place will exist.

(i) The robots are much cheaper than human.
(ii) It can work for 24 x 7. Robots never get tired like human.
(iii) Robots are more precise and error free on performing the task.
(iv) Stronger and faster then humans.
(v) Robots can work in extreme environmental conditions like extremely hot or cold, space or underwater. In dangerous situations like bomb detection and bomb deactivation.
(vi) In warfare, robots can save human lives.
(vii) Robots are significantly used in handling material in chemical industries especially in nuclear plants which can lead to health hazards in human.

(i) Robots have no sense of emotions or conscience.
(ii) They lack empathy and hence create an emotionless work place.
(iii) If ultimately robots would do all the work, and the humans will just sit and monitor them, health hazards will increase rapidly.
(iv) Unemployment problem will increase.
(v) Robots can perform defined tasks and cannot handle unexpected situations.
(vi) If a small thing goes wrong it ends up a big loss to the company.
(vii) Repairing takes a long time.
(viii) Humans cannot be replaced by robots in decision making.
(ix) Till the robot reaches the level of human intelligence, the humans in work place will exist.

Physics and Chemistry :
(i) Nanoscience is the science of objects with sizes of 1 - 100 nm. It is noted that the properties like mechanical, electrical, optical and magnetic are not same for nano and bulk solids. Physics plays a vital role to study the properties. It is also noted that nano and bulk solids are of same chemical composition.
Biology :
(i) The dimensions of nano particles are of the same dimensions of some biological molecules like proteins. Therefore, they are easily absorbed by living organisms of human body and they might enter the tissues and fluids of the body. Researchers are trying to understand the response of living organisms to nano particles enter the organ.
Material Science :
(i) Material properties vary with the dimensions of the particles that they are made. The complete characters are studies under material science.
Technology :
(i) Various technologies are involved in synthesising nano particles. There are two ways.
(a) Top-down approach :
(i) It is the breaking down of bulk solids into nano sizes.
(ii) Example: Ball milling sol-gel and lithography.
(b) Bottom-up approach :
(i) It is the assembling of atoms/molecules together.
(ii) Example: Plasma etching and chemical vapour deposition.
Applications :
It has wider range of applications in the following fields. They are:
(i) Optical engineering and communications.
(ii) Bio medical and drug delivery.
(iii) Cosmetics and Paints.
(iv) Biotechnology.
(v) Electronics.
(vi) Textiles.
(vii) Metallurgy and Materials.
(viii) Applied Mathematics and Computer Science. Thus, Nanoscience and technology is interdisciplinary in nature.

Advantages of robotics:
(i) The robots are much cheaper than humans.
(ii) Robots never get tired like humans. It can work for 24 x 7. Hence absenteeism in work place can be reduced.
(iii) Robots are more precise and error free in performing the task.
(iv) Stronger and faster than humans.
(v) Robots can work in extreme environmental conditions: extreme hot or cold, space or underwater. In dangerous situations like bomb detection and bomb deactivation.
(vi) In warfare, robots can save human lives.
(vii) Robots are significantly used in handling materials in chemical industries especially in nuclear plants which can lead to health hazards in humans.
Disadvantages of Robotics:
(i) Robots have no sense of emotions or conscience.
(ii) They lack empathy and hence create an emotionless workplace.
(iii) If ultimately robots would do all the work, and the humans will just sit and monitor them, health hazards will increase rapidly.
(iv) Unemployment problem will increase.
(v) Robots can perform defined tasks and cannot handle unexpected situations.
(vi) The robots are well programmed to do a job and if a small thing goes wrong it ends up in a big loss to the company.
(vii) If a robot malfunctions, it takes time to identify the problem, rectify it, and even reprogram if necessary. This process requires signi cant time.
(viii) Humans cannot be replaced by robots in decision making.
(ix) Till the robot reaches the level of human intelligence, the humans in work place will exit.