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Published on: 19/01/2019
Components of Food Full Material
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1.
It is said that milk is a wholesome food as it contains most of the nutrients. Do you think that you can remain healthy by consuming only milk as your regular diet?
2.
Rohit was very tired when he came back home after school. His mother gave him a glass of water with glucose dissolved in it. Rohit felt refreshed. Does drinking only glucose water suffice to all the nutrition demands?
3.
Paheli and Boojho peeled some potatoes and cut them into small pieces. They washed and boiled them in water. They threw away the excess water and fried them in oil adding salt and spices. Although the potato dish tasted very good, its nutrient value was less. Suggest a method of cooking potatoes that will not lower the nutrients in them.
4.
Are there any ingredients in food which do not provide any nutrients?
5.
Name the simplest form in which carbohydrates breakdown in the body.
6.
Cellulose is also a carbohydrate, then why it is not digested in our body?
7.
Will the diets of a person working in an office on computer different from construction labour?
8.
Fat rich foods are harmful for us if we eat them too much. What do you think?
9.
Do you think all nutrients can be made available to us from only one source of food?
10.
Name two plant food items which provide proteins.
11.
Why are parents advised to discourage their children from eating chips and junk foods?
12.
A mineral causes anaemia when it is not present in sufficient concentration. Name this mineral. What are symptoms associated with this disease? Also list few sources of this mineral.
13.
Paheli avoids eating vegetables but likes to eat biscuits, noodles and white bread. She frequently complains of stomachache and constipation. What are the food items that she should include in her diet to get rid of the problem? Give reason for your answer.
14.
Tasty food is not always nutritious and nutritious food may not always be tasty to eat. Comment with examples.
15.
Water does not provide nutrients, yet it is an important component of food. Explain
16.
(a) Which components of food are known as protective foods?
(b) Which food provides water to our body?
(c) Why should vegetables not be washed after cutting? Why should food not be overcooked?
17.
Manvi was going to her friend's birthday. She enjoyed parties but today she was not feeling good. When her friend's mother observed this, she asked Manvi whether she is all right. Manvi told her that she has not eaten any food from the morning as she waited for the party. Manvi's friend told her to sit down and have some food. She obeyed and finished her food.
(a) Why was Manvi not feeling well?
(b) Name the components present in food. Out of these components, which are energy yielding ones?
(c) What values do you observe in Manvi?
18.
Radha came back from school hungry and went to her mother in kitchen. Radha's mother was peeling vegetables. She noted that the peels were very thick and her mother then started washing vegetables. Radha asked her to stop washing the vegetables. Her mother was surprised and asked why? Radha told her all she knew about how nutrients are washed away if we peel and then wash them?
(a) If thick peels are removed from vegetables, what happens?
(b) Washing of vegetables after peeling is not a good practice. Can you tell why?
(c) What are those components that get washed away?
(d) Give two examples of vitamins and minerals containing food.
(e) Do you think Radha has any values? Name them.
19.
Boojho was having difficulty in seeing things in dim light. The doctor tested his eyesight and prescribed a particular vitamin supplement. He also advised him to include a few food items in his diet.
(a) Which deficiency disease is he suffering from?
(b) Which food component may be lacking in his diet?
(c) Suggest some food items that he should include in his diet. (any four)
20.
Which of the following minerals is prersent in haemoglobin?
Calcium
Iron
Iodine
Sodium
21.
Amla is the richest source of :
Vitamin A
Vitamin B
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
22.
The energy-providing nutrients are:
Carbohydrates
Fats
Carbohydrates and fats both
Proteins
23.
Deficiency of vitamin A causes:
Night blindness
Beri-Beri
Scurvy
Rickets
24.
Which one of the following food item does not provide dietary fibre?
Whole grains
Whole pulses
Fruits and vegetables
Milk
25.
Roughage component in our food is made up of
glucose
cellulose
starch
cane sugar
26.
Carbohydrates can be tested by using which of the following?
Iodine
Caustic soda
Copper sulphate
Fehling's solution
27.
Minerals and vitamins present in food are
protective
energy giving
body building
roughage
28.
Which of the following nutrients is not present in milk?
Protein
Vitamin-C
Calcium
Vitamin-D
29.
Which one of the following food items does not provide dietary fibre?
Whole grains
Whole pulses
Fruits and vegetables
Milk
30.
The vitamin that gets easily destroyed by heating during cooking is __________.
31.
The component of food that does not provide any nutrient to our body and yet is essential in our food is ___________.
32.
Eating too much of fat-rich foods may lead to a condition called ________.
33.
Deficiency diseases can be prevented by taking a _________.
34.
Egg yolk is rich in ________ and egg albumin is rich in ________.
35.
_____________ is a rich source of fat.
36.
Both eggs and _________ are rich in____________ .
37.
Spinach is a good source of the mineral _________ .
38.
__________ (fruit) is a rich source of vitamin-A.
39.
Milk provides ____________ vitamin-D and _________ (mineral).
40.
Proper cooking is not necessary for healthy foods.
41.
Dietary fibres are also known as elementary fibres.
42.
Copper sulphate is used to find out the presence of protein.
43.
Starch is not a kind of carbohydrate.
44.
Our food is derived from plants or animals or both.
1.
No, I do not think that we can remain healthy by consuming only milk as our regular diet, because, certain nutrients like vitamin C are not found in milk.
2.
Glucose is a source of instant energy, so Rohit felt refreshed. But drinking only glucose water is not sufficient for all the nutrition demands because it gives only energy. Rohit also needs body-building and protective foods including roughage to get all nutrients.
3.
The correct method of cooking potatoes that will not lower the nutrients in them is given below: Overheating, overboiling and deep frying of potatoes should be avoided as they destroy the nutrients present in potatoes. So, potatoes should be boiled and fried in proper manner.
4.
Water and roughage are two components of food which do not provide any nutrients.
5.
Glucose in the simplest form of carbohydrates.
6.
The enzymes responsible for breaking cellulose into simple forms is absent in our body.
7.
Yes, the labour needs more energy giving foods like carbohydrates and fats.
8.
Yes, it can be very harmful to eat too much fat rich foods. Unused fats get deposited in our body.
9.
No, different nutrients are available from variety of foods derived from different sources.
10.
(i) Dal (pulses)
(ii) Soybean
11.
Parents are advised to discourage their children from eating chips and junk foods due to following reasons:
(i) Junk foods cause obesity
(ii) They may cause loss of appetite.
(iii) They cause mental problems.
(iv) These food items lead to wastage of money.
12.
Anaemia occurs in the absence of iron. This mineral is essential for making haemoglobin in red blood cells. Its deficiency results in blood with little haemoglobin. Thus, the blood of person is not able to carry sufficient oxygen to all parts of the body.
Symptoms of this disease are
(i) Paler appearance, nails turn white.
(ii) Weakness is profound.
(iii) Tires easily.
(iv) Weight loss in significant.
13.
Paheli should include roughage in her diet. Roughage is the fibrous matter in food which cannot be digested. It has no nutritive value but its presence is essential for normal functioning of the digestive system. Thus, Paheli must include whole grains, pulses, fresh fruits and vegetables in her diet as fibre (roughage) is found in these food items.
14.
Tasty food is not always nutritious and nutritious food may not always be tasty to eat. Certain examples in favour of the above statement are
(i) Potato chips are tasty to eat but not nutritious as they contain huge amount of fats.
(ii) Green leafy vegetables either boiled or steamed are very nutritious but not good in taste.
(iii) Certain fast foods like pizza, burger, etc., are very good to taste but are not nutritious as they contain huge amount of fat.
15.
Though water does not provide nutrients yet it is an important component of food because it helps
(i) to transport digested food to body cells.
(ii) to absorb nutrients from the food.
(iii) to get rid of waste products from the body.
(iv) to control and regulate the body temperature.
16.
(a) Vitamins and minerals
(b) Tea, coffee, fruits, vegetables etc.
(c) Vegetables contain vitamins and minerals
which get washed away if vegetables are washed after cutting them.
Food should not be overcooked to prevent the loss of nutrients from it.
17.
(a) Manvi had not eaten any food since morning. She was tired as no energy giving food has been eaten by her. Lack of food leads to no energy and restlessness.
(b) The components present in food are carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, fats and minerals.
Carbohydrates and fats are energy yielding components in food.
(c) Manvi is humble, fun loving girl who realised her mistakes. She respects her olders and tries to follow instructions given by them.
18.
(a) Many vegetables contain most of the nutrients just below their skin surface. Thick peeling may lead to their removal.
(b) Washing of vegetables after peeling or cutting removes the water soluble vitamins and minerals from them and lowers their nutritive value.
(c) These components are called nutrients like minerals (iron, calcium, phosporous) and vitamins (B, A, C, D, E).
(d) Vegetables like tomatoes, potatoes, green leafy vegetables, etc.
(e) Yes, Radha is sincere, observant, helpful and knowledgeable. She used her knowledge in right place and stopped her mother for doing incorrect work.
19.
(a) Boojho is suffering from night blindness.
(b) The food component which may be lacking in his diet is vitamin-A.
(c) The food items that he should include in his diet to overcome the deficiency of vitamin are carrot, papaya, milk, mango and fish oil.
20.
(b)
Iron
21.
(c)
Vitamin C
22.
(c)
Carbohydrates and fats both
23.
(a)
Night blindness
24.
(d)
Milk
25.
(b)
cellulose
26.
(a)
Iodine
27.
(a)
protective
28.
(b)
Vitamin-C
29.
(d)
Milk
30.
( )
vitamin C
31.
( )
roughage
32.
( )
obesity
33.
( )
balanced diet
34.
( )
fat, protein
35.
( )
Butter
36.
( )
peas, proteins
37.
( )
iron
38.
( )
Papaya
39.
( )
protein, calcium
40.
(b)
41.
(b)
42.
(a)
43.
(b)
44.
(a)
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