The picture shows a scribe.
(b) He is making a copy of a manuscript.
(c) This painting is small in size, Because of smaller size, it is called as miniature  (10.5 cm by 7.1 ern).
(d) The two features of miniatures are 
(i) Miniature is used to illustrate the text of manuscripts
(ii) Miniatures are so beautiful that later collectors of manuscripts took the
manuscripts apart and just sold the miniatures.

Throughout the period there was a gradual clearing of forests and the extension of agriculture. These changes in their 'habitat' forcing the forest-dwellers to migrate into new lands. Many others started tilling the land and became peasants.
Regional markets, chieftains, priests, monasteries and temples began to influence the society. People were made to pay taxes to the ruler of the kingdom.
Significant developments were noticed which created differences among people and groups. Some possessed more productive lands, many others kept cattle.
People were categorised into 'Jatis' or sub-castes based on their occupations and were ranked according to their background. The status of the same Jati could vary from area to area. 

Differences Map 1 and Map 2 given in the NCERT text book (Map 2) represent two different times
Map 1 was made in 1154 CE by Al-ldrisi, an Arab geographer, the map given here is the map of Indian subcontinent from his larger map of the world.
Map 2 was made by a French cartographer in 1720. Both maps are quite different from each other in mode of presentation and contexts. However, both traced the outlines of the area of Indian subcontinent in their cartography.
Similarities Map 1, South India was at that place where North India is at present and Sri Lanka is the island the top. Name of place were in Arabic. Today's map of India is far ahead of Map 1 and Map 2. It is made to scale and shows clear-cut boundaries and areas.

Rajputs word has been derived from 'Rajaputra', the son of a ruler. Between the eighth and fourteenth centuries, the term was applied to a body of warriors, who claimed Kshatriya caste status.
This term not only included rulers and chieftains but also commanders and soldiers. They served in the armies of different monarchs all over the subcontinent.

(i) When the Mughal Empire declined in the eighteenth century, it resulted into the reemergence of regional states.
(ii) Years of imperial, pan-regional rule had transformed the character of the regions.
(iii) Across most of the subcontinent, the regions were left with the legacies of the big and small states that ruled over them.
(iv) This was clear in the emergence of various distinct and shared traditions: in the style of governance, the management of the economy, elite cultures and language.
(v) Through the thousand years between 700 and 1750 A.D, the character of the different regions did not grow in isolation.
They felt the impact of larger pan-regional forces of integration, without losing their own character.

We can rarely find original manuscripts of the authors. This is a severe problem today.
(i) We are entirely dependent on the copies made by later scribes.
(ii) As a consequence, the historians have to go through different manuscripts (versions) of the same text to identify what the author had originally written.
(iii) At times various authors revised their chronicles.
(iv) For example, Z. Barani wrote his first chronicle book in 1356 and another version came two years later. The two versions differed from one another and the historians did not even know about the existence of the first version till 1960s as it had remained lost in massive library collection.