Media is considered as the best source to know about the happenings of world. Newspaper, magazine, radio, television and internet are the different types of media. It greatly affects our lives because media has the power to influence out thoughts. This influence is sometimes positive and sometimes negative.

(i) To Prevent loss of life.
(ii) To Protect our belongings.
(iii) To create awareness among youngsters.
(iv) To be prepared with emergency phone nos.
(v) To be stocked with food, water medicine.
(vi) For children and old age people.

(i) As far as Buddhism was concerned, if declined due to the loss of patronage and donation after the end of the Gupta Empire.
(ii) Invasion of north India by Huns, Turco Mongols and Persians was yet-another reason.
(iii) In the case of Jainism Lack of Patronage, Lack of efforts to spread the religion. Jains adopted many Hindu faiths. Jains started to differentiate people in the name of castes and classes.
(iv) Role of Hindu teachers was also another reason for the failure of these religions in India.

(i) Dravidian architecture is of indigenous origin. It advanced over time by a process of evolution. The earliest examples of the Tamil Dravidian architectural tradition were the 7^th century rock-cut shrines at Mahabalipuram.
(ii) The absence of monuments in south India prior to the 7^th century is attributed by scholar to temples ought to have been built in wood, which were eventually destroyed by forces of nature.
(iii) It consists primarily of Hindu temples where the main feature is the high gopura, large temples etc.
(iv) Mentioned as one of the three styles of temple building in the book. Vastu Shastra the majority of the structures are located in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala, Tamil Nadu & Karnataka.
(v) The Cholas, Cheras, Pandyas, Pallavas Kakatiyas, Kadambas, Chalukyas and the Vijayanagar kings contributed to this architecture.

(i) The term MLA stands for a Member of Legislative Assembly.
(ii) He / She is elected through a general election and represents a particular constituency.
(iii) It is not necessary for one to be a member of a political party to become a MLA.
(iv) He / She can contest the election as an independent candidate also.

Shivaji's political system consisted of three circles. At the centre was the swaraj. Shivaji would not allow the people to be harassed in any way. In the second circle, Shivaji claimed suzerainty, He protected the people from loot and plunder for which they were required to pay chauth (one fourth of the revenue as protection money) and sardeshmukhi (an extra one-tenth, as the chieftain's due). In the third circle, Shivaji's only objective was plunder. Deshmukhs held sway over rural regions and their control was over between twenty and hundred villages. Each village had a powerful headman (patil), who was assisted by a village accountant of a keeper of records (kulkami).
Army:
Shivaji gave utmost attention to his army and training of its personnel. In the beginning, the backbone of his army was the infantry. In the plains, his cavalry force grew in size and importance. Every soldier was selected personally by Shivaji. Retired captains holding a high reputation were put in charge of guarding the forts.
Ashtapradha
Shivaji designated eight ministers as the Ashtapradhan, each holding an important portfolio. Peshwa was the equivalent of a modem prime minister in the Maratha Empire. Originally, they were subordinates to the Chhatrapati.Shivaji was influenced by the Mughal revenue system. The assessments were made on the actual yield, with three-fifths left to the cultivator and two-fifths taken by the government. In judicial administration, civil cases continued to be decided by the panchayat, the village council, while criminal law was based on the shastras, the Hindu law hooks.
Responsibilities of the Astarpradhan:
Pantpradhan / Peshwa - Prime Minister
Amatya / Mazumdar - Finance Minister
Shurunavis/Sacheev - Secretary
Waqia-Navis - Interior Minister
Sar-i-Naubat / Senapati  - Commander-in-Chief
Sumant / Dubeer - Foreign Minister
Nyayadhish - Chief Justice
Panditrao - High Priest

(i) Akbar was a great patron of learning.
(ii) His personal library had more than four thousand manuscripts.
(iii)  He patronised scholars of all beliefs and all shades of opinions.
(iv) He extended his benevolence to authors such as Abul Fazl, Abul Faizi and Abdur Rahim Khan-i-Khanan, the great storyteller Birbal, competent officials like Raja Todar Mal, Raja Bhagwan Das and Raja Man Singh.
(v) The great composer and musician Tansen and artist Daswant adorned Akbar's court as well.

The main causes of the decline of the Vijayanagar empire were
(i) After Krishna Devaraya, the rulers were inefficient in the Vijayanagar empire. Making use of the situation the commanders declared independence.
(ii) There were frequent wars between Vijayanagar and Bahmani kingdom which made the country economically weak.
(ii) Finally, the sultans of Deccan kingdoms formed a league against Vijayanagar. The combined forces of the enemies defeated Vijayanagar in the Battle of Talikota in 1565 A.D.
(iv) These Sultans destroyed the buildings, palaces, temples and the capital city of Hampi.

(i) Goods and Services Tax is a kind of tax imposed on sale, manufacturing and usage of goods and services.
(ii) This tax is applied on services and goods at a national level with a purpose of achieving overall economic growth. 

Mass media and journals could play a key role to raise awareness on road safety. In particular, they can disseminate preventive messages and promote safe behaviors, increase people's knowledge and understanding of the gravity of the problem and advocate for safer roads and systems.

Consumer courts in India:
(i) National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC): 
A national level court works for the whole country and deals compensation claimed exceeds rupees one crore. The National Commission is the Apex body of Consumer Courts; it is also the highest appellate court in the hierarchy. The commission is headed by a sitting or retired judge of the Supreme Court of India.
(ii) State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (SCDRC):
A state level court works at the state level with cases where compensation claimed is above 20 lakhs but up to one crore.
(iii) District Consumer Disputes Redressal Forum (DCDRF):
A district level court works at the district level with cases where the compensation claimed is up to 20 lakhs.

The essential factors for empowerment are :
(i) Education: Education gives one the ability to think wisely and take thoughtful decisions.
(ii) Gender Discrimination: A Society which discriminates between the two genders can never be empowered.
(iii) Discrimination based on caste, creed, religion etc.

Types of Atlas are School Atlas, Advanced Atlas, Regional Atlas and National Atlas.

The Breeds raised on large pasture lands is known as Estancias. These are divided into several paddocks. Besides this, there are small yards known as corrals where animals are sorted and branded. The owner is the Estanciera who has a number of gauchos.

(i) Kabir believed that God is one and formless, even though different religious sects give him different names and forms.
(ii) Kabir opposed discrimination on the basis of religion, caste and wealth. He also condemned meaningless rituals.