The Bhairavamalai is situated near a small village called Kukkara Palli. 'Palli' is an educational centre of Jains and villages bearing the suffix of Palli are common in many places in Tamil Nadu.

(i) Fourteen Jain monk beds have been excavated inside three caverns on top of a hill in Vellore district.
(ii) The beds are found at the Bhairavamalai in Latheri, Katpadi taluk, Vellore district.
(iii) Of the three caverns, two of them house beds.
(iv) One houses four rock beds while the other houses one bed.
(v) Unlike many rock beds found elsewhere, these ones have no head-rests.

Sources of Jainism:
(i) Mahavira's preaching was orally transmitted by his disciples over the course of about one thousand years.
(ii) In the early period of Jainism, monks strictly followed the five great vows of Jainism. Even religious scriptures were considered possessions and therefore knowledge of the religion was never documented.
(iii) Two hundred years after the death of Mahavira, Jain scholars attempted to codify the canon by convening an assembly at Pataliputra, but it ended as a failure.
(iv) A second council held at Vallabhi, in the 5^th century A.D., was, however, successful in resolving the differences. This enabled the scholars of the time to explain the principles of Jainism with certainty.
(v) Over time, many leamed monks, older in age and rich in wisdom, had compiled commentaries on various topics.
Sources of Buddhism:
(i) Buddha's teachings for a long time were transmitted through the memory of teachers and disciples.
(ii) They were reduced to writing by 80 B.C. and were written in the Pali language.
(iii) The Pali canon Tripitaka has three divisions, also known as the Threefold Basket. They include Vinaya Pitaka, Sutta Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka.

(i) As far as Buddhism was concerned, if declined due to the loss of patronage and donation after the end of the Gupta Empire.
(ii) Invasion of north India by Huns, Turco Mongols and Persians was yet-another reason.
(iii) In the case of Jainism Lack of Patronage, Lack of efforts to spread the religion. Jains adopted many Hindu faiths. Jains started to differentiate people in the name of castes and classes.
(iv) Role of Hindu teachers was also another reason for the failure of these religions in India.

Heterodox religions and Vedic religion commonalities:
Hinduism is a way of life, while heterodox religions like Buddhism and Jainism advocate a way of life. All the religions doctrines are codified into texts to be followed by their devotees and practitioners. All these religions share key concepts, which one interpreted differently by different individuals.
Differences: