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Published on: 31/07/2019
The Fundamental Unit of Life
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1.
State three differences between plasma membrane and cell wall.
2.
Differentiate between diffusion and Osmosis.
3.
Our body is formed of millions of cells. Now, you can imagine how minute the cells are.We cannot see unicellular bacteria or our cheek cell without the help of microscope.We can see a type of cell with naked eye. These are shelled eggs, for example, egg of a hen. Eggs of a bird after hatching give rise young ones (chick).
With this information, answer the following questions:
(i) Egg of which bird is biggest?
(ii) Why is it said that take one egg daily?
(iii) Why should we not eat more eggs daily for a long period?
(iv) What is your duty after getting this information?
4.
Who discovered cells and how?
5.
What will happen if an animal or plant cell is put into a solution of sugar and water?
6.
CO2 moves out of the cell, from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration outside the cell by the process of .............................
7.
The term 'protoplasm' for the fluid substance of the cell was coined by ............................
8.
The cells which do not have membrane-bound organelle are called ...........................cells.
9.
The large central vacuole of plant cells helps to maintain the .............................of the cell.
10.
The primary function of leucoplasts is ..............................
11.
Which of the following scientists coined the term 'cell'?
Leeuwenhock
J.E Purkinje
Robert Hooke
Robert Brown
12.
Describe the role played by the lysosomes in the cell. Why are these termed as suicidal bags? How do they perform their function?
13.
Water forms two-thirds of the weight of the body. Body cells contain about 60% to 70% of water.All life processes carried out in a cell require water medium.It is essential to well being, deprivation or loss of water, as in case of diaohrrea, dysentry, vomiting etc. is more immediately serious than of any other article in diet.On the basis of above information answer the following questions:
(i) What first aid you will provide to a patient who has lost sufficient water from the body cells due to loose motions?
(ii) How would you prepare the solution to hydrate the body cells of the patient?
(iii) What would you do for the community with this information?
1.
| Plasma Membrane | Cell Wall |
|---|---|
| It provides support and shape to the cell. | It gives strength and rigidity to the plant cell. |
| It is semipermeable in nature allowing the entry of selected molecules into cell. | It is completely permeable in nature. |
| It is elastic, living and thin. | It is rigid and non-living. |
2.
| Diffusion | Osmosis |
|---|---|
| It occurs in any medium. | It occurs in liquid medium only. |
| Diffusing molecules may be solid, liquid or gaseous solutes. | It involves movement of liquid molecules only. |
| semipermeable membrane is not required. | Semipermeable membrane is required. |
3.
(i) Ostrich (Struthio cametus), its egg size is about 15 em x 13 cm weighing about 3 pounds.
(ii) An egg provides sufficient proteins, fats, vitamin A and vitamin D.
(iii) Eggs contains lot of cholestrol that may cause heart diseases. We should not eat many eggs in a day for long period.
(iv) Our duty is that we should make our friends, relatives and community to know about useful and harmful effects of eating eggs.
4.
Robert Hooke (1665), Robert Hooke b chance observed a slice of cork through a self-designed microscope. He observed that it contained many little compartments, like a honeycomb, which he named as cells.
However, Leeuwenhoek (1674) discovered the free-living cells in pond water for the first time, b y his improved microscope.
5.
The following three things could happen:
(i) If the solution surrounding the cell is very dilute than cytoplasm, the water will move into the cell, i.e., the cell will gain water.
(ii) If the solution has exactly similar water concentration as that of cytoplasm of cell, there will be no net movement of water across the cell membrane, i.e., no gain or loss of water from the cell.
(iii) If the medium (solution) has a lower concentration of water than the cell, i.e., the solution is concentrated, the cell will lose water by osmosis.
6.
( )
diffusion
7.
( )
Purkinje
8.
( )
prokaryotic
9.
( )
turgidity
10.
( )
storage
11.
(c)
Robert Hooke
12.
(i) Lysosomes are membrane-bound sacs filled with digestive enzymes.These enzymes are made by rough endoplasmic reticulum.
(ii) Lysosomes are a kind of waste disposal system of the cell.
(iii) During the disturbance in cellular metabolism, e.g. when a cell gets damaged, lysosomes present in the cell may burst and the enzymes digest the damaged cell. Hence, lysosomes are called as 'suicidal bags' of a cell.
(iv) Lysosomes break up the foreign materials entering into the cell, such as bacteria or food into smal piece
13.
(i) We will give ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution) from time to time till we reach to doctor or doctor comes to attend the patient. ORS is available in powder form packed in sachets.
(ii) We can make ORS in home by the following way:
Ingredients
1. One level teaspoon of salt
2. Eight level teaspoon of sugar
3. One litre of clean drinking or boiled water and then cooled (5 cupfuls-each cup about 200 .ml.),
Preparation Method
Stir the mixture till the salt and sugar dissolve.
(a) Arrange community lectures, debates to sensitise harmful effects of dehydration of the body.
(b) Conveying importation of ORS and its preparation in home
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