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Published on: 16/09/2019
Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
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1.
An electric oven of 2kW power rating is operated in a domestic electric circuit (220 v) that has a current rating of 5 A. What result do you expect ? Explain.
2.
List the properties of magnetic lines of force.
3.
What does a direction of thumb indicate in the right hand thumb rule?
4.
(a) Give two uses of electromagnets.
(b) Name any two devices which use permanent magnets.
5.
What will be the frequency of an alternating current, if its direction changes after every 0.05 s?
6.
Different between electric motor and generator.
7.
How can the magnitude of the induced current by increased?
8.
What is meant by the term, 'magnetic field'? Why does a compass needle show deflection when brought near a bar magnet?
9.
What does the direction of thumb indicate in the right-hand thumb rule? In what way this rule is different from Fleming's left-hand rule?
10.
What is the function of an earth wire ? Why is its necessary to earth metallic appliances?
11.
Two circular coils A and B are placed close to each other. If the current in the coil A is changed, will some current be induced in the coil B? Give reason.
12.
On what principle does electric motor work?
13.
State Fleming's Left hand Rule.
14.
Why don’t two magnetic field lines intersect each other?
15.
How does a solenoid behave like a magnet? Can you determine the north and South poles of a current-carrying solenoid with the help of a bar magnet? Explain.
1.
\(\therefore\) Current, \( I=\frac{P}{V}=\frac{2000 \quad W}{220 \quad V}>5A\)
Since, current drawn by oven is greater than the rated value of current, which may cause overloading and excessive heating of the circuit.
2.
Properties of magnetic field lines:
The magnetic field lines have the following properties:
(i) They originate from North pole of a magnet and end at its South pole, by convention.
(ii) These lines are closed and continuous curves.
(iii) They are crowded near the poles, where the magnetic field is strong and separated far from the poles, where the magnetic field is weak.
(iv) Field lines never intersect with each other. If they do, that would mean that there are two directions of the magnetic field at the point of intersection, which is impossible.
3.
The thumb shows the direction of electric current. The right-hand thumb rule explains the magnetic field created due to a current carrying conductor, but Fleming's left-hand rule explains effect of magnetic field on a current-carrying conductor.
4.
(a) (i) It is used in cranes for lifting heavy loads.
(ii) used in electric bells.
(b) Loudspeakers, Galvanometer, voltmeter.
5.
The time period (T) of one cycle would be =
2 X (0.05 s) = 0.1 s.
Frequency, f = 1/t.
Hence, f= (1/0.1) = 10 Hz.
6.
| Electric motor | Electric generator |
| 1. It works on the principle of Fleming's left hand rule. | It works on the principle of Fleming's right hand rule. |
| 2. It uses current and magnetic field to produce motion. | It uses motion and magnetic field to induce current. |
7.
Magnitude of the induced current can be increased by
(i) increasing the number of coils of the wire.
(ii) by increasing the power of magnet.
8.
Magnetic field is the region around a magnet in which a magnetic material experiences a force because of that magnet. The needle of a compass is actually a small bar magnet. So, when a compass is brought near a bar magnet, the compass needle enters the magnetic field of the bar magnet. Therefore, the needle experiences a force because of the bar magnet and gets deflected.
9.
The thumb shows the direction of electric current. The right hand thumb rule explains the magnetic field created due to a current carrying conductor, but Fleming's left hand rule explains effect of magnetic field on a current carrying conductor.
10.
The earth wire is connected to a metallic plate buried deep inside the earth. In this way, the metallic body of appliance is connected to the earth, which provides a low resistance conducting path for electric current. Hence, any leakage of current to the metallic body of appliance flows to the earth through the earth wire. The user might not get a severe electric shock on touching such an appliance in case of a fault.
11.
When two circular coils A and B placed close to each other and the current in coil A is changed, it leads to induction of current in coil B. This happens because of change in magnetic field of coil A, because of change in current in this coil.
12.
When rectangular coil is placed in magnetic field and the current passes through it, coil experiences a torque which rotates it continuously .
13.
According to this rule, stretch the thumb, forefinger and middle finger of your left hand such that they are mutually perpendicular. If the first finger points in the direction of magnetic field and the second finger in the direction of current, then the thumb will point in the direction of motion or the force acting on the conductor.
14.
If two magnetic lines of force intersect each other, it would mean that there are two directions of the magnetic field at the point of intersection, which is not possible.
15.
A solenoid behaves like a magnet when electric current flows through it. Any current carrying conductor creates a magnetic field around it. For determining the different poles of a solenoid, we can use a bar magnet and look for interaction between different poles of a solenoid, we can use a bar magnet and look for interaction between different poles of two magnets. If the north pole of the bar magnet gets repulsed by a particular pole of the electromagnet (solenoid) then it gets confirmed that the bar by a particular pole of the electromagnet (solenoid) then it gets confirmed that the bar magnet was brought near the north pole of the electromagnet.
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