Ghettoisation is the process which leads to a situation in which a particular area is populated by members of a particular community.
This situation occurs due to different social, cultural and economic reasons. Fear or hostility may compel a community to group together, as they feel more secure living amongst their own.

In this chapter, this term is used to refer to a cultural context, in which the customs and practices that are followed are those of the dominant community.

It is a graded system of persons or things. In hierarchy, the persons having least power are kept at bottom. The caste system is a hierarchical system. In it, Dalits are kept at the lowest end.

Niyamgiri Hill is located in Kala Kandi district of Orissa. Dongarria konds is the inhabitant of this Hill. It is an Adivasi community.

Around 10,000 different plant species are used by Adivasis for different purposes like medicinal, pesticides, guns, resins, dyes, fibres, edible, etc.

The Adivasi languages have often deeply influenced the formation of mainstream of Indian language like Bengali.

The term used for Adivasis by the Indian government in various official documents is "Schedule Tribes".

The two types of minorities are:
(i) Minority based on religion.
(ii) Minority based on Language.

(i) Muslims are marginalised community in India because in comparison to other communities, they have, over the years, been deprived of the benefits of socio-economic development.
(ii) Like other minorities, Muslim customs and practices are sometimes quite distinct from what is seen as the mainstream. Some Muslim may wear a burqa, sport a long beard, wear a fez, and these become ways to identify Muslims. Because of this, they tend to be identified differently and some people think they are not like the' rest of us'. Often, this becomes the excuse to treat them unfairly, and discriminate against them.

(i) Adivasi religions themselves have influenced dominant religions of the empires around them, for example, the Jagannath cult of Odisha and Shakti and Tantric traditions in Bengal and Assam.
(ii) During the 19^th century, substantial numbers of Adivasis converted to Christianity, which has emerged as a very important religion in modern Adivasis' history.

(i) They often are involved in the worship of ancestors, village and natural spirits, associated with and residing in various sites in the landscape -' mountain-spirits', 'river-spirits', 'animal-spirits', etc.
(ii) The village spirits are often worshipped at specific sacred groves within the village boundary, while the ancestral ones are usually worshipped at home.
(iii) Adivasis have always been influenced by different surrounding religions like Shakta, Buddhist, Vaishnav, Bhakti and Christianity.

Marginalisation refers to the reduced power and importance of certain people in our country. For example, tribals or Adivasi, OBCs, religious minorities and women.

The term minority is most commonly used to refer to communities that are numerically small in relation to the rest of the population. The Adivasis are also less in number than other communities and are thus, referred to as the minorities. Adivasis are 8 per cent of the .whole India's population.

(i) No citizen shall be denied admission into any educational institution maintained by the state or receiving aid out of state funds on grounds of religion, race, sex, caste, language, etc.
(ii) Any section of the citizens residing in the territory of India or any part thereof, having a distinct language, script or culture of its own, shall have the right to conserve the same.

The term minority is most commonly used to refer to those communities that are numerically small in relation to the rest of the population. Minorities are those communities who have less number of people of their own section and region in a particular region.