(a) Industrialization was the most important factor which attracted people to London.
(b) The textile industry of London attracted a large number of migrants.
(c) The city of London attracted people from all walks of life clerks, shopkeepers, soldiers, servants, laborers, beggars etc.

(i) Low cost of production: With the printing press, a new reading public emerged. Printing reduced the cost of books. The time mid labour required to produce each book came down, and multiple copies could be produced with greater ease. Books flooded the market, reaching out to an ever-growing readership.
(ii) Accessibility of books: Access to books created a new culture of reading. Earlier, reading was restricted to the elites. Common people lived in a world of oral culture They heard sacred texts read out, ballads recited, and folk tales narrated Knowledge was transferred orally. People collectively heard a story, or saw a performance. Before the age of print, books were not only expensive but they could not be produced in sufficient numbers. Now books could reach out to wider sections of people.
(iii) Increase in literacy rate: Through the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries literacy rates went up in most parts of Europe. Churches of different denominations set up schools in Villages, carrying literacy to peasants and artisans. By the end of the eighteenth century, in some parts of Europe literacy rates were as high as 60 to 80 percent. As literacy and schools spread in European countries, thee was a virtual reading mania. 

(i) With the blooming of urban culture , the uses of print diversified. Print was no longer used just by scholar-officials.
(ii) Merchants also started using print in their everyday life, to collect trade information Reading increasingly became a leisure activity.
(iii) The readers preferred fictional narratives, poetry, autobiographies, anthologies of literary masterpieces and romantic plays.
(iv) Rich women began to read a great variety of books and many women began to publish their poetry and plays. Wives of scholar-officials published their works, and courtesans started writing about their lives.

Increasing demand for books, copying-laborious expensive and time consuming, manuscripts were fragile, need for quicker and cheaper reproduction of text.

Serialisation of popular novels, brought out shilling series, dust cover book jacket, paperback editions were innovations.