(i) In case of one person company, the requirement of directors is one.
(ii) In the case of other Private companies the minimum requirement of directors is two

Causal vacancy is a situation in which a seat in a delibrative assembly becomes vacant during that assembly's term, casual vacancies may arise through the death, resignation or disqualification of the sitting member or for other reason.

A person who is not the member of Board but has some power to run it can be appointed as the director but according to his/her wish.

 (i) Alternate directors are appointed by the Board of Directors, as a substitute to a director who may be absent from India, for a period which is not less than three months.
(ii) The appointment must be authorised either by the Articles of Association of the company or by a passing a resolution in the General Meeting.
(iii) The alternative director is not a representative or agent of Original Director.

(i) An Executive Director can be either a whole-time Director of the Company or a Managing Director.
(ii) But a Non-Executive Director is a Director who is neither a Whole-time Director nor a Managing Director.

Rights can be categorized into individual rights and collective rights.
Individual rights are such as
(i) Right to inspect books of accounts
(ii) Right to receive notices of board meetings
(iii) Right to participate in proceedings and cast vote in favour or against resolutions
(iv) Right to receive circular resolutions proposed to be passed
(v) Right to inspect minutes of board meetings
Collective rights are as follows
(i) Right to refuse to transfer shares: Directors of private companies and deemed public companies are entitled to refuse registration of transfer of shares to a person whom they do not approve.
(ii) Right to elect a Chairman: The directors are entitled to elect a chairman for the board meetings.
(iii) Right to appoint a Managing director: The Board has the right to appoint the managing director/ manager of the company.
(iv) Right to recommend dividend: The Board is entitled to decide whether a dividend is to be paid or not. Shareholders cannot compel the directors to pay a dividend. However, they can reduce the rate of recommended dividend. Payment of dividend is the prerogative of the board.

General provisions relating to the appointment of directors
(i) Every director should be appointed by the company in general meeting as per the provision of the Act.
(ii) Director Identification Number is compulsory for the appointment of a director of a company.
(iii) Every person proposed to be appointed as a director shall furnish his Director Identification Number and a declaration that he is not disqualified to become a director under the Act.
(iv) A person appointed as a director should give his consent to hold the office of director in physical form on or before his appointment i.e., Consent to act as a director of a company.
(v) A company should file Form with the Registrar of Companies mentioning particulars of appointment of directors and Key Managerial Persons along with A the Consent form signed by Directors, as an attachment within 30 days of the appointment of a director with necessary fee.
(vi) Articles of the Company may provide the provisions relating to the retirement of all directors.

Directors are the persons duly appointed by the Company to lead and manage its affairs and their legal position.
(i) Directors as Agents: A company as an artificial person, acts through directors who are elected representatives of the shareholders and who execute decision made for the benefit of shareholders. Hence directors share a relationship of an agent and a principal with the company.
(ii) Directors as Managing partners: The management of a company is vested in the hands of many executives. So, the directors are virtuals managing partners and the Directors elected by shareholders are like partners to the shareholders.
(iii) Directors as trustees: Directors are trustees of the company's money and property and they have to safeguard them and use them for the sake of the company and on behalf of the company.
(iv) Directors as employees: Directors are professionals who manage the company for the benefit of themselves and for the benefit of the shareholders. However, if a director accepts employment in the same company under a separate contract of service, then, in addition to the directorship, he is also treated as an employee or servant of the company.
(v) Directors as officers: "Officer" includes any director, manager or key managerial personnel or any person in accordance with the directions or instructions the Board of Directors or any one or more of the directors who are or are accustomed to act. Therefore Director is treated as officers of a company.

 The power of the Directors grouped into four different heads viz.
(i) Statutory Powers of Directors
(ii) Managerial Powers of Directors
(iii) Powers only with a resolution
(iv) Other Powers
I. Statutory Powers of Directors:
(a) Power to make calls on shareholders in respect of money unpaid on their shares.
(b) Power to issue debentures.
(c) Power to borrow moneys otherwise than on debentures.
(d) Power to make loans·
II. Managerial Powers of Directors:
(a) Power to contract with the third party.
(b) Power to allot, forfeit or transfer shares of the company.
(c) Power to decide the terms and conditions to issue debentures.
(d) Power of Control and supervision of work of subordinates.
III. Powers only with a resolution:
(a) To sell or lease any asset of the company.
(b) To allow time to the director for repayment of the loan.
(c) To borrow money in excess of paid-up Capital and free reserves.
(d) To appoint a sole agent for more than 5 years.
IV. Other Powers:
(a) Power to fill a casual vacancy
(b) Power to appoint the first auditor of the company.
(c) Power to remove Key managerial personnel.
(d) Power to recommend the Interim and final dividend to shareholders

(i) As regards to the qualification of directors, there is no direct provision in the Companies Act, 2013.
(ii) In general, a director shall possess appropriate skills, experience and knowledge in one or more fields of finance, law, management, sales, marketing, administration, research, corporate governance, technical operations or other disciplines related to the company's business.
(iii) According to the different provisions relating to the directors; the following qualifications may be mentioned:
(a) A director must be a person of sound mind.
(b) A director must hold share qualification, if the articles of association provides such.
(c) A director must be an individual.
(d) A director should be a solvent person.
(e) A director should not be convicted by the court for any offence, etc.