If all activities, which directly or indirectly facilitate that exchange of goods done through internet and other online environments is known as Electronic Commerce.

(i) Social marketing is a new marketing tool.
(ii) It is the systematic application of marketing philosophy and techniques to achieve specific behavioral goals which ensure social good.
(iii) For example, this may include asking people not to smoke in public areas, asking them to wear seat belts or helmets, etc.

E-Marketing is achieving marketing objectives through use of digital technologies like Internet, World Wide Web, email, wireless media and management of digital Customer data and electronic customer management systems (E-CRM).

(i) Service marketing is a specialised branch of marketing.
(ii) Service marketing denotes the processing of selling service goods like telecommunication, banking, insurance, car rentals, healthcare, tourism, professional services, repairs, etc.

(i) Guerrilla Marketing:
(1) The concept of Guerrilla Marketing was invented as an unconventional system of promotions that relies on time, energy and imagination rather than a big marketing budget.
(2) It is suited to small companies which cannot set apart big advertisement budget.
(ii) Multilevel Marketing :
(1) Multilevel Marketing is the marketing strategy wherein the direct sales companies encourage its existing distributors to recruit new distributors to facilitate the sale of goods and services.
(2) The recruits are called as the participant's "Downline" or distributor's "Downline" Example, Tupperware, and Amway are the direct sales companies that use the multilevel marketing. The multilevel marketing is also called as a network marketing, referral marketing or pyramid selling.

(i) Viral Marketing:
(1) Viral marketing is able to generate interest and the potential sale of a brand or product through messages that spread quickly like a virus from person to person.
(2) The most widespread example in recent times is the creation of moving, surprising or spectacular videos on YouTube, which are then shared on Facebook, Twitter and other channels.
(ii) Ambush Marketing:
(1) Ambush marketing is a method of building brands in covert ways. For example X has sponsored a football event to promote his brand. Every time camera zooms on reference, a group of people sitting on the bench wearing 'Y' company brand name imposed shirt comes into focuses.
(2) Bigger companies engage in ambush marketing tactics to undermine official event sponsors

(i) Rural marketing is a process of developing pricing, promoting and distributing rural specific goods and services leading to derived exchange with rural customers to satisfy their needs and wants.
(ii) Rural marketing is now a two-way marketing process. There is inflow of products into rural markets for production or consumption and there is also outflow of products to urban areas.
(iii) The urban to rural flow consists of agricultural inputs, fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) such as soaps, detergents, cosmetics, textiles, and so on.
(iv) The rural to urban flow consists of agricultural produce such as rice, wheat, sugar, and cotton.
(v) There is also a movement of rural products within rural areas for consumption

(i) Niche marketing denotes a strategy of directing all marketing efforts towards one well defined segment of the population.
(ii) It is found by company by identifying the need of customers which are not served or under served by the competilors.
(iii) A niche market does not mean a small market, but it involves specilic target audience with a specialized oflering.
(iv) It aimed at being a big fish in a small pond instead of being a small fish in a big pond.
(v) For example, there are various cinema halls across India, but there are few which have recliner seats to offer.
(vi) The sports channels like STAR Sports, ESPN, Star Cricket are the examples of Niche market.
 

Importance of social marketing:
(i) The primary aim of social marketing is social good such as anti-tobacco, anti-drug, anti-pollution, anti-dowry, road safety, protection of girl child, against the use of plastic bags.
(ii) Social marketing promotes the consumption of socially desirable products and health consciousness.
(iii) It helps to eradicate social evils that affect the society and quality of life.

(i) The market scenario in the world today is changing very rapidly.
(ii) The boundaries of nations are disappearing for exploiting the opportunities of business.
(iii) Today's customers are global and exhibit international characteristics. Because of developments of information technology, rapid means of transportation, liberalization, and mobility of people across the world, their buying habits are fast varying and so are the fortunes of various organisations.
(iv In the Globalised business environment, the marketer must move goods faster and quicker to satisfy the consumers needs and wants by serving the best quality goods and services.
(v) Therefore marketers are shifting from transaction thinking to relationship building and also focusing on life long customers.
(vi) So, marketer has given more emphasis on the notion, "offer more for less" and adopt different strategies to satisfy the consumers.
(vii) They use a variety of tools like computers, laptops, tablet and smart or android phone devices to access different websites.
(viii) Besides the social media networks have opened new avenues of interacting with customers.

Advantage of E-Marketing :
(i) Any Time market: E - Marketing provides 24 hours and 7 days "24/7" service to its users. So consumer can shop or order the product anytime from anywhere.
(ii) Direct contact of end consumer by the manufacturers cuts down the substantially intermediation cost. Thus products bought through e-marketing become cheaper.
(iii) Customer can buy whatever they want/ need just by browsing the various sites.
Disadvantages of E-Marketing :
(i) E-Marketing a strong Online advertising campaign need for which company have to spend large amount for website design, software, hardware, maintenance of business site, Online distribution costs.
(ii) It is not suitable for small size business and also deters customers from buying who lives on long distances.
(iii) While the number of customers is continuously growing, companies hardly update the information on website.
(iv) Many buyers are suspicious about the security of the Internet. As a result, many visitors of business web sites do not like to use their credit card to make a purchase. So, there is a fear of their cards being misused by fraudulent practitioners.

I. Social Marketing
i) Social marketing is a new marketing tool.
ii) It is the systematic application of marketing philosophy and techniques to achieve specific behavioural goals which ensure social good.
iii) For example, this may include asking people not to smoke in public areas, asking them to wear seat belts or persuading them to follow speed limits.
II. Service Marketing
i) Service marketing is a specialized branch of marketing.
ii) A service is any activity or benefit that one party can offer to another which is essentially intangible and which does not result in the ownership of anything like business and professional services insurance, legal service, medical service etc.