csv.DictReader and csv.DictWriter take additional argument fieldnames that are used as dictionary keys.

\r and \n are the line terminator accepted by Python CSV module.

Making some changes in the data of the existing file or adding more data is called modification.

The function dict ( ) is used to print the data in dictionary format without order

(i) The whitespaces can be removed, by registering new dialects using csv.register_ dialect ( ) class of csv module.
(ii) A dialect describes the format of the csv file that is to be read, In dialects the parameter "skipinitialspace" is used for removing whitespaces after the delimiter.

Closing a file will free up the resources that were tied with the file and is done using Python close ( ) method.

If an exception occurs when you are performing some operation with the file, the code exits without closing the file. The best way to do this is using the "with" statement. This ensures that the file is closed when the block inside with is exited.

File name or the complete path name can be represented either with in " " or in ' ' in the open command.

If the fields of data in your CSV file contain commas, you can protect them by enclosing those data fields in double-quotes ("). The commas that are part of your data will then be kept separate from the commas which delimit the fields themselves.

To sort by more than one column you can use itemgetter with multiple indices:
operator.itemgetter 
Example:
sortedlist = sorted (data, key = operator. itemgetter(1))

The row heading is get sorted, to avoid the first row should be skipped. This is can be done by using the command "next( )".

The default is reading in text mode. In this mode, while reading from the file the data would be in the format of strings.

A CSV file is a human readable text file where each line has a number of fields, separated by commas or some other delimiter.