1. Kazakhstan - 2020
2. Buenos Aires, 10-13 December 2017
3. Nairobi, 15-18 December 2015
4. Bali, 3-6 December 2013
5. Geneva, 15-17 December 2011
6. Geneva, 30 November - 2 December 2009
7. Hong Kong, 13-18 December 2005
8. Cancún, 10-14 September 2003
9. Doha, 9-13 November 2001
10. Seattle, November 30 – December 3 1999
11. Geneva, 18-20 May 1998 and
12. Singapore, 9-13 December 1996

(i) The Disputes Settlement Body puts an end to procedural delays.
(ii) It is mandatory to settle any dispute within 18 months.
(iii) The disputes are resolved through multilateral trading system.

John Maynard Keynes and Harry Dexter White were the intellectual founding fathers of IMF and World Bank.

i) The IMF was established to assist the member nations to tide over the balance of payment disequilibrium in the short term.
ii) The IMF has 189 member countries with Republic of Nauru joined in 2016

1. Loans out of its own fund.
2. Loans out of borrowed capital and
3. Loans through Bank's guarantee.

(i) The World Bank is said to be successful in achieving its primary objectives of reconstruction and development of war ravaged nations.
(ii) It is noted that the bank's membership has increased from the initial number of 30 countries to 68 countries in 1960 to 151 countries in 1988.
(iii) The Bank grants medium and long term loans (i, e, payable over a period of 15 - 20 years) for reconstruction and development purpose to the member countries.
(iv) Initially the World Bank's loans were mainly directed at the European countries for financing their programmes of reconstruction.
(v) The World Bank grants loans to member countries only for productive purposes particularly for agriculture irrigation, power and transport.
(vi) The International Development Association (IDA) the Soft Loan Window of the Bank provides loans to UDCs at very low rate of interest.

Objectives of the world Bank:
(i) Reconstruction and Development.
(ii) Encouragement to capital investment.
(iii) Encouragement to international trade.
(iv) Establishment of peace - Time economy.
(v) Environmental protection.

1. The establishment of the Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) has further deepened and consolidated the partnership of its members in the economic-financial area.
2. In the sixth BRICS summit in Brazil, the member countries, signed an agreement to create a development bank (New Development Bank) with headquarters at Shangai, China in 2015 on the lines of Asian Development Bank and the World Bank. 
3. The economic potential and demographic development are putting the BRICS countries, increasingly in a leading position in setting the global agenda and having a greater say in the global governance.

Inclusive growth, Trade issues, Global governance, Shared Prosperity, International peace and security.

(i) South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC)
(ii) Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
(iii) BRICS; Free Trade Area, Customs Union, Common Market and Economic Union.

(i) It facilitates free movement of goods, services and investments within ASEAN by creating a single regional market like the European Union.
(ii) It provides free access to the marketers of one member country to the markets of all other member countries, thus fostering growth in the region.
(iii) It improves business competitiveness between businesses from different countries and also narrow developmental gaps between member countries.
(iv) It paves way for market and investment opportunities for the member nations.
(v) It fosters co-operations in many areas including industry and trade.

(i) It acts as a promoter of more legitimate international system and also advocating reform of the UN security council.
(ii) This group of nation is especially most for South - South framework for cooperation
(iii) It performs as an agent to bridge the increasing gap between developed and developing countries. For instance in the WTO, the BRICS countries are emphasizing to promote a fair order regarding agricultural policies.
(iv) It performs a commendable contribution for assisting developing countries in gaining in areas such as an advantage in trade and climate change negotiations.
(v) It disseminates information and exchange platform beyond economic co-operation.
(vi) It act as a catalytic in protecting the interest of middle powers on global forum.

(i) To promote international monetary cooperation among the member nations.
(ii) To facilitate faster and balanced growth of international trade.
(iii) To ensure exchange rate stability by curbing competitive exchange depreciations.
(iv) To reduce exchange controls imposed by member nations.
(v) To establish multilateral trade and payment system in respect of current transactions.
(vi) To promote the flow of capital from developed to developing nations.
(vii) To solve the problem of international liquidity.