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TN 12th Computer Applications மின்னணு தரவு பரிமாற்றம் Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A
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TN 12th Computer Applications மின் - வணிக பாதுகாப்பு அமைப்புகள் Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A
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TN 12th Computer Applications மின்னணு செலுத்தல் முறைகள் Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A
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TN 12th Computer Applications மின் - வணிகம் Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A
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TN 12th Computer Applications திறந்த மூல கருத்துருக்கள் Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A
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TN 12th Computer Applications வலையமைப்பு வடமிடல் Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A

Published on: 20/10/2025
Download Tamil Nadu 12th Standard Maths question papers, model tests, one-mark questions, important questions, and public exam papers in PDF format. Free study materials and answer keys for TN State Board students.
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1.
Find, by integration, the volume of the solid generated by revolving about the x-axis, the region enclosed by y = 2x2, y = 0 and x = 1.
2.
Find the area of the region bounded by 2x − y +1 = 0, y = −1, y = 3 and y-axis
3.
Evaluate the following:
\(\int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ \frac { sin(3{ tan }^{ -1 }x){ tan }^{ -1 }x }{ 1+{ x }^{ 2 } } } dx\)
4.
Evaluate the following integrals using properties of integration:
\(\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } }{ \frac { 1 }{ 1+\sqrt { tanx } } dx } \)
5.
Evaluate \(\int ^{3}_{2} \frac{\sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {5-x}+\sqrt {x}}\)dx.
6.
Find the Cartesian form of the equation of the plane \(\overset { \rightarrow }{ r } =\left( s-2t \right) \overset { \wedge }{ i } +\left( 3-t \right) \overset { \wedge }{ j } +\left( 2s+t \right) \overset { \wedge }{ k } \)
7.
A variable plane moves in such a way that the sum of the reciprocals of its intercepts on the coordinate axes is a constant. Show that the plane passes through a fixed point
8.
Prove that \([\vec { a } \times \vec { b } ,\vec { b } \times \vec { c } ,\vec { c } \times \vec { a } ]\) = \([{ \vec { a } ,\vec { b } ,\vec { c } }]^{ 2 }\)
9.
A particle acted upon by constant forces \(\hat { 2j } +\hat { 5j } +\hat { 6k } \) and \(-\hat { i } -\hat { 2j } -\hat { k } \) is displaced from the point (4, −3, −2) to the point (6, 1, −3). Find the total work done by the forces.
10.
Find the area of the region bounded by y = tan x, y = cot x and the lines x = 0, x = \(\frac{\pi}{2}\), y = 0
11.
Find the area of the region in the first quadrant bounded by the parabola y2 = 4x, the line x + y = 3 and y-axis.
12.
Evaluate \(\int ^{\pi}_{-\pi} \frac{cos ^2 x}{1+ a^x}\) dx
13.
Find the image of the point whose position vector is \(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +3\hat { k } \) in the plane \(\vec { r } .(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +4\hat { k } )\) = 38
14.
Show that the lines \(\vec { r } =(6\hat { i } +\hat { j } +2\hat { k } )+s(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -3\hat { k } )\) and \(\vec { r } =(3\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -2\hat { k } )+t(2\hat { i } +4\hat { j } -5\hat { k } )\) are skew lines and hence find the shortest distance between them.
15.
If G is the centroid of a ΔABC, prove that (area of ΔGAB) = (area of ΔGBC) = (area of ΔGCA) = \(\frac{1}{3}\) (area of ΔABC)
16.
Evaluate \(\int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ \frac { { e }^{ x } }{ 1+{ e }^{ 2x } } dx } \)
17.
Evaluate the following \(\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /2 }{ { cos}^{ 7}x\quad dx } \)
18.
Find the acute angle between the planes \(\vec { r } .(2\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +2\hat { k } )\) and 4x-2y+2z = 15.
19.
For any vector \(\vec { a } \), prove that \(\hat { i } \times (\vec { a } \times \hat { i } )+\hat { j } \times (\vec { a } \times \hat { j } )+\hat { k } \times \vec { a } \times \hat { k } =2\vec { a } \).
20.
Find the volume of the parallelepiped whose coterminus edges are given by the vectors \(\hat { 2i } -\hat { 3j } +\hat { 4k } \), \(\hat { i } +\hat { 2j } -\hat { k } \) and \(\hat {3 i } -\hat { j } +\hat { 2k } \)
21.
The value of \(\int_{-3}^{3}\left[\sin ^{-1}\left(\frac{x^{2}+1}{2}\right)+\sec ^{-1}\left(\frac{2}{x^{2}+1}\right)\right] d x\) __________
\(\pi\)
\(2\pi\)
\(3\pi\)
\(4\pi\)
22.
The area bounded by the parabola y2 = x and its latus rectum is __________
\(\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{6}\)
\(\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\frac{8}{3}\)
23.
24.
If \(\int _{ 0 }^{ a }{ \frac { 1 }{ 4+{ x }^{ 2 } } dx=\frac { \pi }{ 8 } } \) then a is
4
1
3
2
25.
The value of \(\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 6 } }{ { cos }^{ 3 }3x\ dx }\ is\)
\(\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\frac{2}{9}\)
\(\frac{1}{9}\)
\(\frac{1}{3}\)
26.
The value of \(\int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ x{ (1-x) }^{ 99 }dx } \) is
\(\frac{1}{11000}\)
\(\frac{1}{10100}\)
\(\frac{1}{10010}\)
\(\frac{1}{10001}\)
27.
The length of the 丄r from the origin to plane \(\overset { \rightarrow }{ r } .\left( \overset { \wedge }{ 3i } +4\overset { \wedge }{ j } +12\overset { \wedge }{ k } \right) \)= 26 is _____________
2
\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)
26
\(\frac { 26 }{ 169 } \)
28.
The angle between the vector \(3\overset { \wedge }{ i } +4\overset { \wedge }{ j } +\overset { \wedge }{ 5k } \) and the z-axis is ___________
30o
60o
45o
90o
29.
If the line \(\frac { x-2 }{ 3 } =\frac { y-1 }{ -5 }= \frac {z+2 }{ 2 } \) lies in the plane x + 3y - αz + β = 0, then (α, β) is
(-5, 5)
(-6, 7)
(5, -5)
(6, -7)
30.
If \(\vec { a } .\vec { b } =\vec { b } .\vec { c } =\vec { c } .\vec { a } =0\) , then the value of \([\vec { a } ,\vec { b } ,\vec { c } ]\) is
\(\left| \vec { a } \right| \left| \vec { b } \right| \left| \vec { c } \right| \)
\(\frac{1}{3}\)\(\left| \vec { a } \right| \left| \vec { b } \right| \left| \vec { c } \right| \)
1
-1
1.
Equation of the given curve is y = 2x2
Volume \(=\pi \int _{ a }^{ b }{ { y }^{ 2 }dx } \)
\(=\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ { (2{ x }^{ 2 }) }^{ 2 } } dx=\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ { 4x }^{ 4 }dx } \)
\(=4\pi { \left[ \frac { { x }^{ 5 } }{ 5 } \right] }_{ 0 }^{ 1 }=\frac { 4\pi }{ 5 } (1-0)\)
\(v=\frac { 4\pi }{ 5 } \) cubic units
2.
Given equation of line is 2x - y + 1 = 0
| x | 0 | -1/2 |
| y | 1 | 0 |
\(\Rightarrow 2x=y-1\Rightarrow x=\frac { y-1 }{ 2 } \)
[\(\because\) the area is left of the x-axis]
\(\therefore Area\ =\int _{ -1 }^{ 1 }{ -xdy+\int _{ 1 }^{ 3 }{ xdy } } \)
\(=-\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \int _{ -1 }^{ 1 }{ (y-1)dy } +\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \int _{ 1 }^{ 3 }{ (y-1)dy } \)
\(={ -\frac { 1 }{ 2 } { \left[ \frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 2 } -y \right] }_{ -1 }^{ 1 }{ +\frac { 1 }{ 2 } }\left[ \frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 2 } -y \right] }_{ 1 }^{ 3 }\)
\(=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \left[ { \left( y-\frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 2 } \right) }_{ -1 }^{ 1 }+{ \left( \frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 2 } -y \right) }_{ 1 }^{ 3 } \right] \)
\(=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \left[ \left( 1-\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \right) -\left( 1-\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \right) +\left( \frac { 9 }{ 2 } -3 \right) -\left( \frac { 1 }{ 2 } -1 \right) \right] \)
\(=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \left[ \frac { 1 }{ 2 } +\frac { 3 }{ 2 } +\frac { 3 }{ 2 } +\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \right] =\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \left[ \frac { 8 }{ 2 } \right] =\frac { 1 }{ 2 } (4)\)
= 2 sq.units
3.
Let \(\int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ \frac { sin(3{ tan }^{ -1 }x){ tan }^{ -1 }x }{ 1+{ x }^{ 2 } } } dx\)
\(put\quad { tan }^{ -1 }x=t\Rightarrow \frac { 1 }{ 1+{ x }^{ 2 } } dx=dt\)
\(\Rightarrow \int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ t\quad sin(3t)dt } =\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ tsin3t } dt\)
| x | 0 | 1 |
| t | 0 | \(\frac{\pi}{4}\) |
\(Let\ u=t\ \ v=sin3tdt\)
\(u'=1\ \ { v }_{ 1 }=\frac { -cos3t }{ 3 } \)
\(u'' = 0 \quad { v }_{ 2 }=\frac { -sin3t }{ 9 } \)
Bernoulli's formula:
\(\int { uvdx } =u{ v }_{ 1 }-u'{ v }_{ 2 }\)
\(\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ tsin3tdt={ \left[ t\left( \frac { -cos3t }{ 3 } \right) -1\left( \frac { -sin3t }{ 9 } \right) \right] }_{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } } } \)
\(=\frac { -1 }{ 9 } { [3tcos3t-sin3t] }_{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }\)
\(=\frac { -1 }{ 9 } \left[ \left( 3\frac { \pi }{ 4 } cos\frac { 3\pi }{ 4 } -sin\frac { 3\pi }{ 4 } \right) -(0-0) \right] \)
\(=\frac { -1 }{ 9 } \left[ \frac { 3\pi }{ 4 } \left( -\frac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 2 } } \right) -\frac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 2 } } \right] \)
\(=\frac { -1 }{ 9 } \left[ \frac { -3\pi -4 }{ 4\sqrt { 2 } } \right] =\frac { 3\pi }{ 36\sqrt { 2 } } +\frac { 4 }{ 36\sqrt { 2 } } \)
\(=\frac { \pi }{ 12\sqrt { 2 } } +\frac { 1 }{ 9\sqrt { 9 } } =\frac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 9 } } \left[ \frac { \pi }{ 12 } +\frac { 1 }{ 9 } \right] \)
4.
\(I=\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } }{ \frac { 1 }{ 1+\sqrt { tanx } } dx } \int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } }{ \frac { 1 }{ 1+\frac { \sqrt { sin\quad x } }{ \sqrt { cos\quad x } } } dx } \)
\(=\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } }{ \frac { \sqrt { cos\quad x } }{ \sqrt { cos\quad x } +\sqrt { sin\quad x } } dx\quad \quad ..(1) } \)
By the property,\( \int _{ a }^{ b }{ f(x)dx=\int _{ a }^{ b }{ f(a+b-x)dx } } \)
we get \(I=\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } }{ \frac { \sqrt { cos(\frac { \pi }{ 8 } +\frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } -x) } }{ \sqrt { cos(\frac { \pi }{ 8 } +\frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } -x) } +\sqrt { sin(\frac { \pi }{ 8 } +\frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } -x) } } } dx\)
\(=\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } }{ \frac { \sqrt { cos(\frac { \pi }{ 2 } -x) } }{ \sqrt { cos(\frac { \pi }{ 2 } -x) } +\sqrt { sin(\frac { \pi }{ 2 } -x) } } } dx\)
\(=\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } }{ \frac { \sqrt { sin\quad x } }{ \sqrt { sin\quad x } +\sqrt { cos\quad x } } ...(2) } \)
\((1)+(2)\rightarrow \)
\(2I=\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } }{ \frac { \sqrt { cos\quad x } }{ \sqrt { cos\quad x } +\sqrt { sin\quad x } } dx+\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } }{ \frac { \sqrt { sin\quad x } }{ \sqrt { sin\quad x } +\sqrt { sin\quad x } } } } \)
\(=\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ 3\frac { \pi }{ 8 } }{ \frac { \sqrt { cos\quad x } +\sqrt { sin\quad x } }{ \sqrt { cos\quad x } +\sqrt { sin\quad x } } dx=\int _{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } }{ dx={ [x] }_{ \frac { \pi }{ 8 } }^{ \frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } } } } \)
\(2I=\frac { 3\pi }{ 8 } -\frac { \pi }{ 8 } =\frac { 2\pi }{ 8 } =\frac { \pi }{ 4 } \)
\(\therefore I=\frac { \pi }{ 8 } \)
5.
Let us put I = \(\int ^{3}_{2} \frac{\sqrt {x}}{\sqrt {5-x}+\sqrt {x}}\) dx --- (1)
Applying the formula \(\int ^{a}_{b}\) f(x) dx =\(\int ^{a}_{b}\) f(a+b -x) dx, we get
I = \(\int ^{3}_{2} \frac{\sqrt {(2+3-x)}}{\sqrt {5-(2+3-x)}+\sqrt { {(2+3-x)}}}\) dx = \(\int ^{3}_{2} \frac{\sqrt {(5-x)}}{\sqrt {x}+\sqrt { {(5-x}}}\) dx -- (2)
Adding (1) and (2), we get
2I = \(\int ^{3}_{2} \frac{\sqrt {x} + \sqrt {5-x} }{\sqrt {x}+\sqrt { {5-x}}}\) dx =\(\int ^{3}_{2} \) dx = \([x]^{3}_{2}\) = 3 - 2 = 1
Hence, we get I = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
6.
Let \(\overset { \rightarrow }{ r } =x\overset { \wedge }{ i } +y\overset { \wedge }{ j } +z\overset { \wedge }{ k } \)
\(\therefore x\overset { \wedge }{ i } +y\overset { \wedge }{ j } +z\overset { \wedge }{ k } =\left( s-2t \right) \overset { \wedge }{ i } +\left( 3-t \right) \overset { \wedge }{ j } +\left( 2s+t \right) \overset { \wedge }{ k } \)
Equating the co-efficients of like components both sides,
We get, x = s - 2t
y = 3 - t
z = 2s + t
Eliminating x and t using determinates we get
\(\left| \begin{matrix} x \\ y-3 \\ z \end{matrix}\begin{matrix} 1 \\ 0 \\ 2 \end{matrix}\begin{matrix} -2 \\ -1 \\ 1 \end{matrix} \right| =0\)
⇒ x (0+2) -1(y - 3 + z) -2 (2y - 6 - 0) = 0
⇒ 2x - y + 3 - z- 4y + 12 = 0
⇒ 2x - 5y - z + 15 = 0
7.
The equation of the plane having intercepts a, b, c on the x, y, z axes respectively is \(\frac { x }{ a } +\frac { y }{ b } +\frac { z }{ c } =1\).
Since the sum of the reciprocals of the intercepts on the coordinate axes is a constant, we have \(\frac { 1 }{ a } +\frac { 1 }{ b } +\frac { 1 }{ c } =k\), where k is a constant, and which can be written as \(\frac { 1 }{ a } \left( \frac { 1 }{ k } \right) +\frac { 1 }{ b } \left( \frac { 1 }{ k } \right) +\frac { 1 }{ c } \left( \frac { 1 }{ k } \right) =1\)
This shows that the plane \(\frac { x }{ a } +\frac { y }{ b } +\frac { z }{ c } =1\) passes through the fixed point \(\left( \frac { 1 }{ k } ,\frac { 1 }{ k } ,\frac { 1 }{ k } \right) \)
8.
Using the definition of the scalar triple product, we get
\([\vec { a } \times \vec { b } ,\vec { b } \times \vec { c } ,\vec { c } \times \vec { a } ]\) = \((\vec { a } \times \vec { b } ).[(\vec { b } \times \vec { c } )\times (\vec { c } \times \vec { a } )]\) ....(1)
By treating \((\vec { b } \times \vec { c } )\) as the first vector in the vector triple product, we find
\((\vec { b } \times \vec { c } )\times (\vec { c } \times \vec { a } )\) = \(((\vec { b } \times \vec { c } ).\vec { a } )\vec { c } \) - \(((\vec { b } \times \vec { c } ).\vec { c } )\vec { a } )\) = \([{ \vec { a } ,\vec { b } ,\vec { c } }]\vec { c } \)
Using this value in (1), we get
\([\vec { a } \times \vec { b } ,\vec { b } \times \vec { c } ,\vec { c } \times \vec { a } ]\) = \((\vec { a } \times \vec { b } ).([\vec { a } ,\vec { b } ,\vec { c } ]\vec { c } )=[\vec { a } ,\vec { b } ,\vec { c } ](\vec { a } \times \vec { b } ).\vec { c } ={ [\vec { a } ,\vec { b } ,\vec { c } ] }^{ 2 }\)
9.
Resultant of the given forces is \(\hat{F}\) = ( \(\hat { 2j } +\hat { 5j } +\hat { 6k } \) )+ (\(-\hat { i } -\hat { 2j } -\hat { k } \) ) = \(\hat { i } +\hat { 3j } +\hat {5 k } \)
Let A and B be the points (4, −3, −2) and (6, 1, −3) respectively.
Then the displacement vector of the particle is
\(\vec { d } =\vec { AB } =\vec { OB } -\vec { OA } =(\hat { 6i } +\hat { j } -\hat { 3k } )-(\hat { 4i } -\hat { 3j } -\hat { 2k } )=\hat { 2i } +\hat { 4j } -\hat { k } \)
Therefore the work done
w = \(\vec { f } .\vec { d } =(\hat { i } +\hat { 3j } +\hat { 5k } ).(\hat { 2j } +\hat { 4j } -\hat { k } )\) = 9 units.
10.
Given equation of the curves are y = tan x, y = cot x.
The intersection of y = tan x and y = cot x are
tan x = cot x \(\Rightarrow\) x = \(\frac{\pi}{2}\)
\(\therefore\) Required area \(=\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ (tan\ x-cot\ x)dx } \)
\(={ [-log\ sin\ x+log\ sec\ x] }_{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }\)
\(=log{ \left[ \frac { sec\ x }{ sin\ x } \right] }_{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }==log{ \left[ \frac { 1 }{ sin\ x\ cos\ x } \right] }_{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }\)
\(=-log{ (sin\quad x\ cos\ x) }_{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }\)
\(=-log\left( sin\frac { \pi }{ 4 } .cos\frac { \pi }{ 4 } \right) +log(sin0\quad cos0)\)
\(=-log\left( \frac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 2 } } .\frac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 2 } } \right) +0\)
\(=-log\left( \frac { 1 }{ 2 } \right) =-(log1-log2)=log2\)
11.
First, we find the points of intersection of x + y = 3 and y2 − 4x:
x + y = 3 ⇒ y = 3− x.
\(\therefore\) y2 = 4x ⇒ (3 -x)2 = 4x
⇒ x2 −10x + 9 = 0
⇒ x = 1, x = 9 .
\(\therefore\) x = 1 in x + y = 3 \(\Rightarrow\) y = 2, and x = 9 in x + y = 3 ⇒ y = −6 .
\(\therefore\) (1, 2) and (9,−6) are the points of intersection.
The line x + y = 3 meets the y -axis at (0, 3).
The required area is sketched
Viewing in the direction of y -axis, on the right bounding curve is given by
\(x=\begin{cases} \frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 4 } ,0\le y\le 2 \\ 3-y,2\le y\le 3 \end{cases}\)
\(\therefore A=\int _{ 0 }^{ 2 }{ xdy+\int _{ 2 }^{ 3 }{ xdy } =\int _{ 0 }^{ 2 }{ \frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 4 } dy+\int _{ 2 }^{ 3 }{ (3-y) } dy } } \)
\(={ \left( \frac { { y }^{ 3 } }{ 12 } \right) }_{ 0 }^{ 2 }+{ \left( 3y-\frac { { y }^{ 3 } }{ 2 } \right) }_{ 2 }^{ 3 }=\left( \frac { 8 }{ 12 } -0 \right) +\left( 9-\frac { 9 }{ 2 } \right) -\left( 6-\frac { 4 }{ 2 } \right) =\frac { 7 }{ 6 } \)
12.
Let I = \(\int ^{\pi}_{-\pi} \frac{cos ^2 x}{1+ a^x} dx\)-- (1)
Using \(\int ^{b}_{a}\) f(x) dx =\(\int ^{b}_{a}\) f(a+b -x)dx we get,
I = \(\int ^{\pi}_{-\pi} \frac{cos ^2 (\pi -\pi - x)}{1+ a^{\pi -\pi - x}} dx\)
= \(\int ^{\pi}_{-\pi} \frac{cos ^2 (-x)}{1+ a^{-x}} dx\)
= \(\int ^{\pi}_{-\pi} a^x (\frac{cos ^2 x }{a^x+ 1} )dx\) --- (2)
Adding (1) and (2) we get
2I = \(\int ^{\pi}_{-\pi} \frac{cos ^2 x }{a^x+ 1}(a^x+ 1) dx\) = \(\int ^{\pi}_{-\pi} cos ^2 x dx\)
= 2 \(x =\int ^{\pi}_{-\pi} cos ^2 x dx\) (since cos2 x is an even function)
Hence, I = \(\int ^{\pi}_{0} (\frac{1 + cos2x }{2} )dx\)
= \(\frac {1}{2} [ x + \frac {sin 2x}{2}]^{x}_{0}\)
= \(\frac {1}{2} [\pi]\)
= \(\frac {\pi}{2}\)
13.
Here, \(\vec { u } =\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +3\hat { k } ,\vec { n } =\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +4\hat { k } \), p = 38. Then the position vector of the image \(\vec { v } \)of
\(\vec { u } =\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +3\hat { k } \) is given by \(\vec { v } =\vec { u } +\frac { 2[p-(\vec { u } .\vec { n } )] }{ { \left| \vec { n } \right| }^{ 2 } } \vec { n } \)
\(\vec { v } =(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +3\hat { k } )+\frac { 2[38-(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +3\hat { k } ).(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +4\hat { k } ))] }{ (\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +4\hat { k } ).(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +4\hat { k } ) } (\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +4\hat { k } )\)
That is \(\vec { v } =(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +3\hat { k } )+2(\frac { [38- 17]}{21})
(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +4\hat { k } )= (3\hat { i } +6\hat { j } +11\hat { k } )\)
Therefore, the image of the point with position vector \(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +3\hat { k } \) is \(3\hat { i } +6\hat { j } +11\hat { k } \)
14.
Given lines are
\(\vec { r } =(6\hat { i } +\hat { j } +2\hat { k } )+s(\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -3\hat { k } )\)
\(\vec { a } =6\hat { i } +\hat { j } +2\hat { k } ,\vec { b } =\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -3\hat { k } \)
and \(\vec { r } =(3\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -2\hat { k } )+t(2\hat { i } +4\hat { j } -5\hat { k } )\)
\(\vec { c } =3\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -2\hat { k } \quad and\quad \vec d = 2\hat { i } +4\hat { j } -5\hat { k } \)
Since \(\vec { b } \neq \vec { d } \), they are not parallel and they do not intersect.
Hence the given lines are skew lines.
Shortest distance between the two skew lines
\(\delta =\frac { |(\vec { c } -\vec { a } ).(\vec { b } \times \vec { d } )| }{ |(\vec { b } \times \vec { d } )| } \)
\(\vec { b } \times \vec { d } =\left| \begin{matrix} \hat { i } & \hat { j } & \hat { k } \\ 1 & 2 & -3 \\ 2 & 4 & -5 \end{matrix} \right| \)
\(=\hat { i } (-10+12)-\hat { j } (-5+6)+\hat { k } (4-4)\)
\(=2\hat { i } -\hat { j } \Rightarrow |\vec { b } \times \vec { d } |\quad \sqrt { { 2 }^{ 2 }++(-1)^{ 2 } } =\sqrt { 5 } \)
\(\vec { c } =\vec { a } =(3\hat { i } +2\hat { j } -2\hat { k } )-(6\hat { i } +\hat { j } +2\hat { k } )\)
\(=-3\hat { i } +\hat { j } -4\hat { k } \)
\(\therefore (\vec { c } -\vec { a } ).(\vec { b } \times \vec { d } )=(-3\hat { i } +\hat { j } -4\hat { k } ).(2\hat { i } -\hat { j } )\)
= -6-1 = -7
\(\therefore \delta =\frac { |-7| }{ \sqrt { 5 } } =\frac { 7 }{ \sqrt { 5 } } units\)
15.

Let the position vector of the vertices of ΔABC be \(\vec { a } \), \(\vec { b } \) and \(\vec { c } \) respectively.
Since G is the centroid of ΔABC, \(\vec { OG } =\frac { \vec { a } +\vec { b } +\vec { c } }{ 3 } \)
Are of ΔGAB, = \(|\vec { AB } \times \vec { AG } |=|(\vec { OB } -\vec { OA } )\times (\vec { OG } -\vec { OA } )|\)
= \(\left| (\vec { b } -\vec { a } )\times \left( \frac { \vec { a } +\vec { b } +\vec { c } }{ 3 } -\vec { a } \right) \right| \)
= \(\left| (\vec { b } -\vec { a } )\times \left( \frac { \vec { a } +\vec { b } +\vec { c } -3\vec { a } }{ 3 } \right) \right| \)
= \(\left| (\vec { b } -\vec { a } )\times \left( \frac { \vec { b } +\vec { c } +2\vec { a } }{ 3 } \right) \right| \)
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |(\vec { b } -\vec { a } )\times (\vec { a } +\vec { 0 } -2\vec { a } )|\)
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |\vec { b } \times \vec { b } +\vec { b } \times \vec { c } -2\vec { b } \times \vec { a } -\vec { a } \times \vec { b } -\vec { a } \times \vec { c } +2\vec { a } \times \vec { a } |\)
[∵ cross product is distributive]
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |\vec { b } \times \vec { c } +2\vec { a } \times \vec { b } -\vec { a } \times \vec { b } +\vec { c } \times \vec { a } |\)
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |\vec { a } \times \vec { b } +\vec { b } \times \vec { c } +\vec { c } \times \vec { a } |\) \( [\because \vec { b } \times \vec { b } =\vec { 0 } ,\vec { a } \times \vec { a } =\vec { 0 } ,.(1)\vec { a } \times \vec { b } =-\vec { b } \times \vec { a } ]\)
Area of ΔGAC = \(|\vec { CA } \times \vec { AG } |\)
= \(|(\vec { OA } -\vec { OC } )\times (\vec { OG } -\vec { OA } )|\)
\(\left| (\vec { a } -\vec { c } )\times \left( \frac { \vec { a } +\vec { b } +\vec { c } }{ 3 } -\vec { a } \right) \right| \)
= \(\left| (\vec { c } -\vec { a } )\times \left( \frac { \vec { a } +\vec { b } +\vec { c } -3\vec { a } }{ 3 } \right) \right| \)
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |(\vec { a } -\vec { c } )\times (\vec { b } +\vec { c } -2\vec { a } )|\)
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |\vec { a } \times \vec { b } +\vec { a } \times \vec { c } -2\vec { a } \times \vec { a } -\vec { c } \times \vec { b } -\vec { c } \times \vec { c } +2\vec { c } \times \vec { a } |\)
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |\vec { a } \times \vec { b } -\vec { c } \times \vec { a } +\vec { b } \times \vec { c } +2\vec { c } \times \vec { a } |\)
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |\vec { a } \times \vec { b } +\vec { b } \times \vec { c } +\vec { c } \times \vec { a } |\)
Also area of ΔGBC = \(|\vec { BC } \times \vec { BG } |\)
= \(|\vec { OC } -\vec { OB } )\times (\vec { OG } -\vec { OB } )|\)
= \(\left| (\vec { c } -\vec { a } )\times \left( \frac { \vec { a } +\vec { b } +\vec { c } -\vec { b } }{ 3 } \right) \right| \)
= \(\left| (\vec { c } -\vec { a } )\times \left( \frac { \vec { a } +\vec { b } -2\vec { a } }{ 3 } \right) \right| \)
\(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |(\vec { c } -\vec { b } )\times (\vec { a } +\vec { c } -2\vec { b } )|\)
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |\vec { c } \times \vec { a } +\vec { c } \times \vec { c } -2\vec { c } \times \vec { b } -\vec { b } \times \vec { a } -\vec { b } \times \vec { c } +2\vec { b } \times \vec { b } |\)
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |\vec { c } \times \vec { a } +2\vec { b } \times \vec { c } +\vec { a } \times \vec { b } -\vec { b } \times \vec { c } |\)
\(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |\vec { c } \times \vec { a } +\vec { b } \times \vec { c } +\vec { a } \times \vec { b } |\)
From (1), (2) and (3),
Area of ΔGAB = Area of ΔGAC = Area of ΔGBC
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } |\vec { a } \times \vec { b } +\vec { b } \times \vec { c } +\vec { c } \times \vec { a } |\)
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 3 } \) Area of ΔABC.
16.
Let I = \(\int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ \frac { { e }^{ x } }{ 1+{ e }^{ 2x } } dx } \)
| x | 0 | 1 |
| t | 1 | e |
Put ex = t ⇒ ex dx = dt
∴ \(\int _{ 1 }^{ e }{ \frac { dt }{ 1+{ t }^{ 2 } } dx } { \left[ { tan }^{ -1 }(t) \right] }_{ 1 }^{ e }\)
= tan-1(e) - tan-1(1)
= tan-1(e) -\(\frac { \pi }{ 4 } \)
17.
\({ I }_{ n }=\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /2 }{ { cos }^{ 7 }xdx=\frac { n-1 }{ n } { I }_{ n-2 },n\ge 2 } \)
\(\therefore { I }_{ 7 }=\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /2 }{ { cos }^{ 7 }xdx=\frac { 6 }{ 7 } \times \frac { 4 }{ 5 } \times \frac { 2 }{ 3 } \times 1 } =\frac { 16 }{ 35 } \)
18.
The normal vectors of the two given planes \(\vec { r } .(2\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +2\hat { k } )\)= 11 and 4x+2y+2z = 15 are \(\vec { { n }_{ 1 } } =2\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +2\hat { k } \) and \(\vec { { n }_{ 2 } } =4\hat { i } -2\hat { j } +2\hat { k } \) respectively.
If θ is the acute angle between the planes, then we have
\(\theta =cos^{ -1 }\left( \frac { |\vec { { n }_{ 1 } } .\vec { { n }_{ 2 } } | }{ |\vec { { n }_{ 1 } } .\vec { { n }_{ 2 } } | } \right) =cos^{ -1 }\left( \frac { |((2\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +2\hat { k } ).(4\hat { i } -2\hat { j } +2\hat { k } ))| }{ |(2\hat { i } +2\hat { j } +2\hat { k } )||4\hat { i } -2\hat { j } +2\hat { k } | } \right) =cos^{ -1 }\left( \frac { \sqrt { 2 } }{ 3 } \right) \).
19.
Let \(\vec { a } ={ a }_{ 1 }\hat { i } +{ a }_{ 2 }\hat { j } +{ a }_{ 3 }\hat { k } \)
∴ LHS = \(\hat { i } \times (\vec { a } \times \hat { i } )+\hat { j } \times (\vec { a } \times \hat { j } )+\hat { k } \times \vec { a } \times \hat { k }\)
\((\hat { i }. \hat { i } )\vec { a } -(\hat { i } .\hat { a } )\hat { i } +(\hat { j } .\hat { j } )\vec { a } -(\hat { j } .\vec { a } )\hat { j } +(\hat { k } .\hat { k } )\vec { a } -(\hat { k } .\vec { a } )\hat { k } \)
\([\because \vec { a } \times (\vec { b } \times \vec { c } )=(\vec { a } .\vec { c } )\vec { b } -(\vec { a } .\vec { b } )\vec { c } ]\)
\(1.\vec { a } -{ a }_{ 1 }\hat { i } +1.\vec { a } -{ a }_{ 2 }\hat { j } +1.\vec { a } -{ a }_{ 3 }\hat { k } ]\)
\([\because \hat { i } .\hat { i } =\hat { j } .\hat { j } =\hat { k } .\hat { k } =1\)and
\(\hat { i } \vec { a } =\hat { i } ({ a }_{ 1 }\hat { i } +{ a }_{ 2 }\hat { j } +{ a }_{ 3 }\hat { k } )={ a }_{ 1 }\hat { j } .\vec { a } ={ a }_{ 2 }\quad \hat { k } .\vec { a } ={ a }_{ 3 }\)
\(3\vec { a } -({ a }_{ 1 }\hat { i } +{ a }_{ 2 }\hat { j } +{ a }_{ 3 }\hat { k } )\)
= \(3\vec { a } -\vec { a } =2\vec { a } \)
= RHS .
∴ LHS = RHS. Hence proved
20.
We know that the volume of the parallelepiped whose coterminus edges are \(\vec { a } ,\vec { b } ,\vec { c } \) is given by |\([\vec { a } ,\vec { b } ,\vec { c } ]\)|. Here, \(\vec { a } =\hat { 2i } -\hat { 3j } +\hat { 4k } ,\vec { b } =\hat { i } +\hat { 2j } -\hat { k } ,\vec { c } =\hat { 3i } -\hat { j } +\hat { 2k } \)
Since \([\vec { a } ,\vec { b } ,\vec { c } ]\) = \(\left| \begin{matrix} 2 & -3 & 4 \\ 1 & 2 & -1 \\ 3 & -1 & 2 \end{matrix} \right| =-7\) , the volume of the given parallelepiped is \(\left| -7 \right| =7\) cubic units.
21.
(c)
\(3\pi\)
22.
(b)
\(\frac{1}{6}\)
23.
(d)
24.
(d)
2
25.
(b)
\(\frac{2}{9}\)
26.
(b)
\(\frac{1}{10100}\)
27.
(a)
2
28.
(c)
45o
29.
(b)
(-6, 7)
30.
(a)
\(\left| \vec { a } \right| \left| \vec { b } \right| \left| \vec { c } \right| \)
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